ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Insulin resistance is a cellular antioxidant defense mechanism.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 271 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
271 citing papers in PubMed, 526 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gene-environment interaction modifies the association between hyperinsulinemia and serum urate levels through SLC22A12.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Trial
- Mitochondrial oxidative stress, endothelial function and metabolic control in patients with type II diabetes and periodontitis: A randomised controlled clinical trial.International journal of cardiology · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Excessive caloric intake acutely causes oxidative stress, GLUT4 carbonylation, and insulin resistance in healthy men.Science translational medicine · 2015Trial
- Sex and age influence the association between insulin resistance and all-cause mortality in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Review
- Acute mitochondrial dysfunction impairs neuromuscular transmission and contractility in mouse diaphragm: the protective potential of 25-hydroxycholesterol.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Reductive Stress and Dysregulated Energy Metabolism in Schizophrenia: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Time- and Region-Specific Effects of Intranasal Insulin on Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Rat Brain.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Cellular and molecular pathways linking obesity to skeletal muscle dysfunction.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Manganese: biology, physiology and role in disease.Cell discovery · 2026Review
- A decline in skeletal muscle NOX4 abrogates exercise-induced adaptive homeostasis and exacerbates biological aging.Science advances · 2026Article
- Why hyperinsulinemia is detrimental to weight loss: insights from type 1 diabetes.BMC medicine · 2026Review
- Integrated analysis of the adipocyte plasma membrane proteome reveals KCC1 and PIT2 as novel insulin-responsive transporters.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Detergents without a drain: the evolutionary logic (and liability) of sphingolipids.Journal of lipid research · 2026Review
- Hypothesis: Nutrient Off-Loading and Ectopic Fat Reduction Reverse Insulin Resistance and Improve Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Role of MicroRNAs in Mitochondrial Homeostasis and their Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: A Focus on MicroRNAs.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Acetylation of the Mitochondrial Chaperone GRP75 Governs ER-Mitochondrial Calcium Homeostasis and Hepatocyte Insulin Resistance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Close multilevel links between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Metabolism open · 2025Review
- Skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction in obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus: Myocellular mechanisms involved.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
211 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We know a great deal about the cellular response to starvation via AMPK, but less is known about the reaction to nutrient excess. Insulin resistance may be an appropriate response to nutrient excess, but the cellular sensors that link these parameters remain poorly defined. In the present study we provide evidence that mitochondrial superoxide production is a common feature of many different models of insulin resistance in adipocytes, myotubes, and mice. In particular, insulin resistance was rapidly reversible upon exposure to agents that act as mitochondrial uncouplers, ETC inhibitors, or mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mimetics. Similar effects were observed with overexpression of mitochondrial MnSOD. Furthermore, acute induction of mitochondrial superoxide production using the complex III antagonist antimycin A caused rapid attenuation of insulin action independently of changes in the canonical PI3K/Akt pathway. These results were validated in vivo in that MnSOD transgenic mice were partially protected against HFD induced insulin resistance and MnSOD+/- mice were glucose intolerant on a standard chow diet. These data place mitochondrial superoxide at the nexus between intracellular metabolism and the control of insulin action potentially defining this as a metabolic sensor of energy excess.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.