ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Experimental and clinical evidence of neuroprotection by nerve growth factor eye drops: Implications for glaucoma.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07777861 (A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of G01 Eye Drops in the Treatment of Optic Nerve Injury Associated With Open-Angle Glaucoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 110 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of G01 Eye Drops in the Treatment of Optic Nerve Injury Associated With Open-Angle Glaucoma
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 244 citations in OpenAlex.
- Frontiers of optic nerve regeneration research: an analysis of the top 100 most influential articles in the field from 2005 to 2025.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Phase 1b Randomized Controlled Study of Short Course Topical Recombinant Human Nerve Growth Factor (rhNGF) for Neuroenhancement in Glaucoma: Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy Measure Outcomes.American journal of ophthalmology · 2022Trial
- Effects of subtenon-injected autologous platelet-rich plasma on visual functions in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa: preliminary clinical results.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2018Trial
- Safety and pharmacokinetics of escalating doses of human recombinant nerve growth factor eye drops in a double-masked, randomized clinical trial.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2014Trial
- Aptamer-Based Delivery Systems for VEGF and NGF Modulation in Ocular Therapies.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Safety and exploratory functional effects of topical cord blood serum in glaucoma patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The CD39-CD73-adenosine axis: a pivotal regulator of retinal homeostasis and diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Virtual reality stimulation for neuroprotection and neuroenhancement of vision in optic neuropathy patients: a prospective clinical trial.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Challenge of Corneal Ulcer Healing: A Novel Conceptual Framework, the "Triad" of Corneal Ulcer Healing/Corneal Neovascularization/Intraocular Pressure, and Avascular Tendon Healing, for Evaluation of Corneal Ulcer Therapy, Therapy of Neovascularization, Glaucoma Therapy, and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Efficacy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deep generative optimization of mRNA codon sequences for enhanced mRNA translation and therapeutic efficacy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Rodent Models of Glaucoma: How Mice and Rats Can Help Human Vision Move Out of the Woods and Into the Light.Cells · 2025Review
- Review
- Human nerve growth factor delivery to the retina: Quantitative methodology and mathematical modeling in preclinical settings.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Article
- Targeted Neuroprotection of Retinal Ganglion Cells Via AAV2-hSyn-NGF Gene Therapy in Glaucoma Models.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Nerve growth factor signaling tunes axon maintenance protein abundance and kinetics of Wallerian degeneration.Molecular biology of the cell · 2025Article
- Unraveling the molecular basis of snake venom nerve growth factor: human TrkA recognition through molecular dynamics simulation and comparison with human nerve growth factor.Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- The role of neurotrophic factors in retinal ganglion cell resiliency.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Nerve Growth Factor Signaling Tunes Axon Maintenance Protein Abundance and Kinetics of Wallerian Degeneration.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma causes loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and damage to the optic nerve. Although IOP is controlled pharmacologically, no treatment is available to restore retinal and optic nerve function. We evaluated the effects of NGF eye drops in a rat model of glaucoma. We also treated 3 patients with progressive visual field defects despite IOP control. Glaucoma was induced in rats through injection of hypertonic saline into the episcleral vein. Initially, 2 doses of NGF (100 and 200 mug/mL) were tested on 24 rats, and the higher dose was found to be more effective. Glaucoma was then induced in an additional 36 rats: half untreated and half treated with 200 mug/mL NGF QID for 7 weeks. Apoptosis/survival of RGCs was evaluated by histological, biochemical, and molecular analysis. Three patients with advanced glaucoma underwent psychofunctional and electrofunctional tests at baseline, after 3 months of NGF eye drops, and after 3 months of follow-up. Seven weeks of elevated IOP caused RGC degeneration resulting in 40% cell death. Significantly less RGC loss was observed with NGF treatment (2,530 +/- 121 vs. 1,850 +/- 156 RGCs/mm(2)) associated with inhibition of cell death by apoptosis. Patients treated with NGF demonstrated long lasting improvements in visual field, optic nerve function, contrast sensitivity, and visual acuity. NGF exerted neuroprotective effects, inhibiting apoptosis of RGCs in animals with glaucoma. In 3 patients with advanced glaucoma, treatment with topical NGF improved all parameters of visual function. These results may open therapeutic perspectives for glaucoma and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.