ReviewChromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology2009
Dosage compensation and gene expression on the mammalian X chromosome: one plus one does not always equal two.
Review in Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-Specific Effects of Environmental Pollutants on Pulmonary Immune Responses.Current opinion in physiology · 2025Article
- Biomechanics of Traumatic Head and Neck Injuries on Women: A State-of-the-Art Review and Future Directions.Biology · 2023Review
- Single-cell analysis reveals X upregulation is not global in pre-gastrulation embryos.iScience · 2022Article
- Expanding the phenotype of males with OFD1 pathogenic variants-a case report and literature review.European journal of medical genetics · 2022Article
- Distinct Regulation of U-ACE2 and P-ACE2 (Urinary and Plasma Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) in a Japanese General Population.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Article
- Cellular hallmarks of aging emerge in the ovary prior to primordial follicle depletion.Mechanisms of ageing and development · 2021Article
- COVID-19 and ACE2 in the Liver and Gastrointestinal Tract: Putative Biological Explanations of Sexual Dimorphism.Gastroenterology · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury: What We Know and What We Should Know.Journal of neurotrauma · 2019Article
- Nonendocrine mechanisms of sex bias in rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2019Review
- X Inactivation and Escape: Epigenetic and Structural Features.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2019Review
- Sex differences in obesity, lipid metabolism, and inflammation-A role for the sex chromosomes?Molecular metabolism · 2018Review
- Epigenetics with special reference to the human X chromosome inactivation and the enigma ofJournal of genetics · 2018Review
- Cytokine secretion responsiveness of lymphomonocytes following cortisol cell exposure: Sex differences.PloS one · 2018Article
- Primary biliary cholangitis: a comprehensive overview.Hepatology international · 2017Review
- Sex differences in stroke: the contribution of coagulation.Experimental neurology · 2014Review
- PPARγ activation rescues mitochondrial function from inhibition of complex I and loss of PINK1.Experimental neurology · 2014Article
- Lineage-specific regulation of imprinted X inactivation in extraembryonic endoderm stem cells.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2014Article
- The great escape: Active genes on inactive sex chromosomes and their evolutionary implications.Epigenetics · 2013Article
- Placental contribution to the origins of sexual dimorphism in health and diseases: sex chromosomes and epigenetics.Biology of sex differences · 2013Article
- Sex and inflammation in respiratory diseases: a clinical viewpoint.Biology of sex differences · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Counting chromosomes is not just simple math. Although normal males and females differ in sex chromosome content (XY vs. XX), X chromosome imbalance is tolerated because dosage compensation mechanisms have evolved to ensure functional equivalence. In mammals this is accomplished by two processes--X chromosome inactivation that silences most genes on one X chromosome in females, leading to functional X monosomy for most genes in both sexes, and X chromosome upregulation that results in increased gene expression on the single active X in males and females, equalizing dosage relative to autosomes. This review focuses on genes on the X chromosome, and how gene content, organization and expression levels can be influenced by these two processes. Special attention is given to genes that are not X inactivated, and are not necessarily fully dosage compensated. These genes that "escape" X inactivation are of medical importance as they explain phenotypes in individuals with sex chromosome aneuploidies and may impact normal traits and disorders that differ between men and women. Moreover, escape genes give insight into how X chromosome inactivation is spread and maintained on the X.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.