ReviewClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2009
Vaccines: the fourth century.
Review in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01132859 (VRC 900), which is not on this map. Cited by 111 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
VRC 900: Evaluation of Tissue-Specific Immune Responses in Adults 18 Years of Age and Older
Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Antibody-recruiting molecules: an emerging paradigm for engaging immune function in treating human disease.ACS chemical biology · 2012Pooled it
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- Research progress of mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Interface: Promising Candidate Targets for Vaccine-Induced Protective and Memory Immune Responses.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Transient pain and long-term gain: adjuvant dose directs immune memory.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Type I IFNs contribute to upregulation of PD-L1 duringInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Expanding the Potential of Circular RNA (CircRNA) Vaccines: A Promising Therapeutic Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
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- A Comprehensive Review of mRNA-based Vaccines for COVID-19, A New Era in Pharmaceuticals: Unspecified and Unknown Aspects, Effects and Challenges.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Immunostimulatory Effects of Bacterial Lysate Proteins on THP-1 Macrophages: Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Response and Proteomic Profiling.Journal of immunology research · 2025Article
- Applications of microfluidics in mRNA vaccine development: A review.Biomicrofluidics · 2024Review
- Advancements in clinical RNA therapeutics: Present developments and prospective outlooks.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Review
- Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy in Rural Communities in Western Kenya.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Reactogenicity and safety of COVID-19 primary immunisation and booster vaccination regimens: a comparative observational cohort study.BMC medicine · 2023Observational
- In silico design and evaluation of a novel mRNA vaccine against BK virus: a reverse vaccinology approach.Immunologic research · 2023Article
- Immune Response and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Adverse Effects of Spike Proteins from SARS-CoV-2 and mRNA Vaccines.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- "Fading out" - genomic epidemiology of the last persistently infected BVDV cattle in Germany.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccine development, which began with Edward Jenner's observations in the late 18th century, has entered its 4th century. From its beginnings, with the use of whole organisms that had been weakened or inactivated, to the modern-day use of genetic engineering, it has taken advantage of the tools discovered in other branches of microbiology. Numerous successful vaccines are in use, but the list of diseases for which vaccines do not exist is long. However, the multiplicity of strategies now available, discussed in this article, portends even more successful development of vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.