ArticleJournal of virology2009
Apolipoprotein E but not B is required for the formation of infectious hepatitis C virus particles.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 131 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 240 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis C Direct Acting Antivirals and Ribavirin Modify Lipid but not Glucose Parameters.Cells · 2019Trial
- Impaired ApoB secretion triggers enhanced secretion of ApoE to maintain triglyceride homeostasis in hepatoma cells.Journal of lipid research · 2025Article
- Recruitment of apolipoprotein E facilitates Herpes simplex virus 1 attachment and release.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- The low-density lipoprotein receptor and apolipoprotein E associated with CCHFV particles mediate CCHFV entry into cells.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Apolipoprotein E and viral infection: Risks and Mechanisms.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Review
- Hepatitis C Virus-Lipid Interplay: Pathogenesis and Clinical Impact.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- The Role of Cytosolic Lipid Droplets in Hepatitis C Virus Replication, Assembly, and Release.BioMed research international · 2023Review
- A common transcriptional mechanism involving R-loop and RNA abasic site regulates an enhancer RNA of APOE.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Apolipoprotein E, a Crucial Cellular Protein in the Lifecycle of Hepatitis Viruses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Lack of Causal Relationships Between Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Hepatitis C virus induces oxidation and degradation of apolipoprotein B to enhance lipid accumulation and promote viral production.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Cellular factors involved in the hepatitis C virus life cycle.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Human low-density lipoprotein receptor plays an important role in hepatitis B virus infection.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- HCV Assembly and Egress via Modifications in Host Lipid Metabolic Systems.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Hepatitis C virus infection and tight junction proteins: The ties that bind.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2020Review
- Review
- Human apolipoprotein E promotes hepatitis B virus infection and production.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- The Role of ApoE in HCV Infection and Comorbidity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- HCV Pit Stop at the Lipid Droplet: Refuel Lipids and Put on a Lipoprotein Coat before Exit.Cells · 2019Review
- The acidic domain of the hepatitis C virus NS4A protein is required for viral assembly and envelopment through interactions with the viral E1 glycoprotein.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Our previous studies have found that hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles are enriched in apolipoprotein E (apoE) and that apoE is required for HCV infectivity and production. Studies by others, however, suggested that both microsomal transfer protein (MTP) and apoB are important for HCV production. To define the roles of apoB and apoE in the HCV life cycle, we developed a single-cycle HCV growth assay to determine the correlation of HCV assembly with apoB and apoE expression, as well as the influence of MTP inhibitors on the formation of HCV particles. The small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of apoE expression remarkably suppressed the formation of HCV particles. However, apoE expressed ectopically could restore the defect of HCV production posed by the siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous apoE expression. In contrast, apoB-specific antibodies and siRNAs had no significant effect on HCV infectivity and production, respectively, suggesting that apoB does not play a significant role in the HCV life cycle. Additionally, two MTP inhibitors, CP-346086 and BMS-2101038, efficiently blocked secretion of apoB-containing lipoproteins but did not affect HCV production unless apoE expression and secretion were inhibited. At higher concentrations, however, MTP inhibitors blocked apoE expression and secretion and consequently suppressed the formation of HCV particles. Furthermore, apoE was found to be sensitive to trypsin digestion and to interact with NS5A in purified HCV particles and HCV-infected cells, as demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that apoE but not apoB is required for HCV assembly, probably via a specific interaction with NS5A.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.