ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2009
Gender disparities in metastatic colorectal cancer survival.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 212 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationships of triglyceride-glucose-related indices with colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in an American population: a dose-response meta-analysis and cohort study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Sarcopenia as a risk factor of progression-free survival in patients with metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Stool Investigations for Colorectal Cancer Screening: From Occult Blood Test to DNA Analysis.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2016Pooled it
- Prognostic variables in low and high risk stage III colon cancers treated in two adjuvant chemotherapy trials.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2021Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Quxie Capsule () in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2018Trial
- The predictive and prognostic value of sex in early-stage colon cancer: a pooled analysis of 33,345 patients from the ACCENT database.Clinical colorectal cancer · 2013Trial
- Estradiol Reshapes Cell-Type-Dependent Basal Redox Set-Points in Colorectal Carcinoma Cells.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Radio(chemo)therapy in anal cancer: evaluation of sex-specific disparities across AJCC stages.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2026Article
- Myosteatosis mediates the link between specific dietary components and colorectal carcinogenesis: from PPLSS multi-center study.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- The Definition of Cure in Colon Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 15 Randomized Clinical Trials.JAMA oncology · 2025Article
- Sex-based differences in survival after liver transplantation for colorectal cancer liver metastases: A multivariable analysis.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Article
- Collagen disorder architecture features are associated with clinical, molecular, genetic factors and survival outcomes in colon cancer.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Risk factors for early mortality among patients with gastrointestinal malignancy in the C-CAT database.International journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Most eligible candidates for primary tumor resection among metastatic colorectal cancer patients: a SEER-based population analysis.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Sex-specific effects of exogenous asparagine on colorectal tumor growth, 17β-estradiol levels, and aromatase.Pharmacological research · 2025Article
- Effect of Chemotherapy Treatment on Overall Survival of Colon Cancer Patients Using Propensity Score Matching.Cureus · 2025Article
- Prognostic nomogram for T3-T4 primary colorectal cancer patients with perineural invasion after surgery: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program database analysis.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Practice Patterns and Survival Outcomes of Immunotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Prognostic value of CT-based skeletal muscle and adipose tissue mass and quality parameters in patients with liver metastases and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma undergoing Yttrium-90 radioembolization.European radiology · 2025Article
- Responses of skeletal muscle to mechanical stimuli in female rats following and during muscle disuse atrophy.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Article
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposePrevious studies have shown that estrogen prevents colon cancer in postmenopausal women, indicating a role in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis and tumor progression. We investigated the interactions between sex, age, ethnicity, and year of diagnosis on overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC). EXPERIMENTAL
designWe screened 52,882 patients with MCRC from 1988 to 2004, using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registry. Age at diagnosis, sex, ethnicity, tumor location, year of diagnosis, OS, and cancer-specific survival were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards model. The models were adjusted for marital status, tumor site, tumor differentiation, and treatment with radiation and/or surgery.
resultsWe observed that younger women (18-44 years old) with MCRC lived longer than younger men (17 months versus 14; P < 0.0001, log-rank test). In contrast, older women (55 years and older) had significantly worse OS than older men (7 months versus 9; P < 0.0001, log-rank test). In multivariate analysis, we found that gender discrepancies have widened in recent years; young women diagnosed after 2000 have improved cancer-specific survival, compared to men (hazard ratio, 0.778; 95% confidence interval, 0.669-0.904), but those diagnosed before 2000 benefit less (hazard ratio, 0.931; 95% confidence interval, 0.821-1.056).
conclusionAs one of the largest data sets analyzed to establish that younger women with MCRC survive longer than younger men, hormonal status not only seems to play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of colorectal cancer but also may be of prognostic significance. These data warrant further studies to determine the role of estrogen in colorectal cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.