ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2009
Involvement of interleukin-15 and interleukin-21, two gamma-chain-related cytokines, in celiac disease.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innate immune dysregulation in celiac disease and refractory celiac disease: mechanisms, management and emerging therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cytokine and genetic crosstalk in patients with coexistent familial Mediterranean fever and celiac disease: a cross-sectional study from Türkiye.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Interleukin 15 and autoimmune disorders: pathophysiology, therapeutic potential, and clinical implications.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Celiac Disease: A Transitional Point of View.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Intestinal celiac disease - related autoantibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Gluten Free Diet for the Management of Non Celiac Diseases: The Two Sides of the Coin.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Modeling the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of the monoclonal anti-macaque-IL-15 antibody Hu714MuXHu in cynomolgus monkeys.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2015Article
- IL-15 functions as a danger signal to regulate tissue-resident T cells and tissue destruction.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2015Review
- The Role of Gluten in Celiac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2015Review
- Increased density of tolerogenic dendritic cells in the small bowel mucosa of celiac patients.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Article
- Potential blood-based markers of celiac disease.BMC gastroenterology · 2014Article
- Intestinal stem cells and celiac disease.World journal of stem cells · 2014Review
- Modeling of celiac disease immune response and the therapeutic effect of potential drugs.BMC systems biology · 2013Article
- Testing for antireticulin antibodies in patients with celiac disease is obsolete: a review of recommendations for serologic screening and the literature.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2013Review
- Altered expression of cytokine signaling pathway genes in peripheral blood cells of alcohol dependent subjects: preliminary findings.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2012Article
- Cutting-edge issues in celiac disease and in gluten intolerance.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD), an enteropathy caused by dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, is histologically characterized by villous atrophy, crypt cell hyperplasia, and increased number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes. The nature of CD pathogenesis remains unclear, but recent evidence indicates that both innate and adaptive immune responses are necessary for the phenotypic expression and pathologic changes characteristic of CD. Extensive studies of molecules produced by immune cells in the gut of CD patients have led to identification of two cytokines, namely interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-21, which are thought to play a major role in orchestrating the mucosal inflammatory response in CD. Here we review the current knowledge of the expression and function of IL-15 and IL-21 in CD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.