ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2009
Nutritional programming of the metabolic syndrome.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 162 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
162 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Consumption of Non-Nutritive Sweetener during Pregnancy and Weight Gain in Offspring: Evidence from Human Studies.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Maternal nutrition and its intergenerational links to non-communicable disease metabolic risk factors: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Maternal overnutrition impairs offspring's insulin sensitivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Maternal & child nutrition · 2020Pooled it
- Preconception and Prenatal Nutrition and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Maternal prepregnancy BMI or weight and offspring's blood pressure: Systematic review.Maternal & child nutrition · 2018Pooled it
- The Association between High Fat Diet around Gestation and Metabolic Syndrome-related Phenotypes in Rats: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Class II obese and healthy pregnant controls exhibit indistinguishable pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses to Caesarian section.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2017Trial
- Neuroepigenetic programming by the maternal environment: part A-epigenome-wide DNA methylation profile in the offspring's olfactory bulb following preconceptional weight loss in mice.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Nutritional programming through early exposure to soybean meal: Effects on growth performance, intestinal health, metabolism, and microbiota of juvenile largemouth bass (Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Article
- Artificial and natural non-nutritive sweeteners drive divergent gut and genetic responses across generations.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Unraveling the complex web: pathogenesis and prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus-related fetal overgrowth.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Nervonic acid triggered ovarian inflammation by inducing mitochondrial oxidative stress to activate NLRP3/ IL-1β pathway.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Fetal Growth Restriction and Its Metabolism-Related Long-Term Outcomes-Underlying Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Article
- Early starvation in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae has no drastic effect on hepatic intermediary metabolism in juveniles.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2024Article
- Article
- Concentrations and association between exposure to mixed perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and glycometabolism among adolescents.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
- Growth factors and their roles in cardiac development and regeneration: a narrative review.Pediatric medicine (Hong Kong, China) · 2023Article
- Review
- lncRNA‑miRNA‑mRNA network in female offspring born from obese dams.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
102 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The primary markers of the metabolic syndrome are central obesity, insulin resistance and hypertension. In this review, we consider the effect of changes in maternal nutrition during critical windows in fetal development on an individual's subsequent predisposition to the metabolic syndrome. The fetal origins of obesity, cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance have been investigated in a wide range of epidemiological and animal studies; these investigations highlight adaptations made by the nutritionally manipulated fetus that aim to maintain energy homeostasis to ensure survival. One consequence of such developmental plasticity may be a long term re-setting of cellular energy homeostasis, most probably via epigenetic modification of genes involved in a number of key regulatory pathways. For example, reduced maternal-fetal nutrition during early gestation to midgestation affects adipose tissue development and adiposity of the fetus by setting an increased number of adipocyte precursor cells. Importantly, clinically relevant adaptations to nutritional challenges in utero may only manifest as primary components of the metabolic syndrome if followed by a period of accelerated growth early in the postnatal period and/or if offspring become obese.
Indexed as
Identifiers
19786987What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.