ReviewCurrent molecular pharmacology2009
Mechanisms of non-opioid analgesics beyond cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition.
Review in Current molecular pharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Propensity Score-Matched Study of the Use of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2016Trial
- Decoding Pain: Next-Generation In Vitro Systems for Mechanistic Insights and Drug Discovery.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Review
- Exogenous prostaglandin DFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities ofCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2024Review
- Pharmacological Methods of Pain Management: Narrative Review of Medication Used.International journal of general medicine · 2023Review
- Using Experimental Models to Decipher the Effects of Acetaminophen and NSAIDs on Reproductive Development and Health.Frontiers in toxicology · 2022Review
- Immunomodulatory Effects of the Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor Lornoxicam on Phenotype and Function of Camel Blood Leukocytes.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Non-opioid Analgesics and the Endocannabinoid SystemBalkan medical journal · 2020Article
- Antinociceptive Activity of Petroleum Ether Fraction ofBioMed research international · 2019Article
- Molecular, Cellular and Circuit Basis of Cholinergic Modulation of Pain.Neuroscience · 2018Review
- Antinociceptive Activity of Methanolic Extract ofPain research & management · 2018Article
- Article
- Analgesic Drugs Alter Connective Tissue Remodeling and Mechanical Properties.Exercise and sport sciences reviews · 2016Review
- Ibuprofen ameliorates fatigue- and depressive-like behavior in tumor-bearing mice.Life sciences · 2015Article
- A prospective study to assess the levels of interleukin-6 following administration of diclofenac, ketorolac and tramadol after surgical removal of lower third molars.Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery · 2015Article
- The impact of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on inflammatory response after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2014Observational
- The modern pharmacology of paracetamol: therapeutic actions, mechanism of action, metabolism, toxicity and recent pharmacological findings.Inflammopharmacology · 2013Review
- Ketoprofen-liposomes formulation for clinical therapy.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2012Article
- Roles of serotonergic and adrenergic receptors in the antinociception of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in the rat spinal cord.The Korean journal of pain · 2011Article
- Nonopioid placebo analgesia is mediated by CB1 cannabinoid receptors.Nature medicine · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Non-opioid analgesics including both selective and non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors and acetaminophen are the most widely used treatments for pain. Inhibition of COX is thought to be largely responsible for both the therapeutic and adverse effects of this class of drugs. Accumulating evidence over the past two decades has demonstrated effects of non-opioids beyond the inhibition of COX and prostaglandin synthesis that might also explain their therapeutic and adverse effects. These include their interaction with endocannabinoids, nitric oxide, monoaminergic, and cholinergic systems. Moreover, the recent development of microarray technology that allows the study of human gene expression suggests multiple pathways that may be related to the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of non-opioids. The present review will discuss the multiple actions of non-opioids and their interactions with these systems during inflammation and pain, suggesting that COX inhibition is an incomplete explanation for the actions of non-opioids and proposes the involvement of multiple selective targets for their analgesic, as well as, their adverse effects.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.