Trial reportMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2009
Treatment with the phosphodiesterase type-4 inhibitor rolipram fails to inhibit blood--brain barrier disruption in multiple sclerosis.
Trial report in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05080270 (Feasibility Study of Tolerogenic Fibroblasts in Patients With Refractory Multiple Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Feasibility Study of Tolerogenic Fibroblasts in Patients With Refractory Multiple Sclerosis
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phosphodiesterase inhibitors as emerging therapeutics for skeletal disorders: A comprehensive review of mechanisms and repurposing potential.Bone reports · 2026Review
- Research progress on phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors in central nervous system diseases.Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2024Review
- Pre-Clinical Assessment of Roflumilast Therapy in a Thoracic Model of Spinal Cord Injury.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Phosphodiesterase 4B inhibition: a potential novel strategy for treating pulmonary fibrosis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Review
- Article
- Emerging Potential of the Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Inhibitor Ibudilast for Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Update on Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- An Overview of PDE4 Inhibitors in Clinical Trials: 2010 to Early 2022.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Targeting Fibronectin to Overcome Remyelination Failure in Multiple Sclerosis: The Need for Brain- and Lesion-Targeted Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Treatment of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis with an Inhibitor of Phosphodiesterase-8 (PDE8).Cells · 2022Article
- Current and emerging disease-modulatory therapies and treatment targets for multiple sclerosis.Journal of internal medicine · 2021Review
- The translational landscape in spinal cord injury: focus on neuroplasticity and regeneration.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2019Review
- Article
- Targeting Phosphodiesterases-Towards a Tailor-Made Approach in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 by FCPR16 protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPPRedox biology · 2018Article
- New directions in therapeutics for Huntington disease.Future neurology · 2018Review
- Inhibition of phosphodiesterases as a strategy to achieve neuroprotection in Huntington's disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2018Review
- [Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition for treatment of endothelial barrier and microcirculation disorders in sepsis].Der Anaesthesist · 2017Review
- Animal models of Multiple Sclerosis.European journal of pharmacology · 2015Review
- Phosphodiesterase inhibitors as therapeutics for traumatic brain injury.Current pharmaceutical design · 2015Review
- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: important signaling modulators and therapeutic targets.Oral diseases · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Rolipram, a prototypic phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, is highly effective in suppressing Th1 autoimmunity in multiple animal models, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In addition, rolipram has been extensively studied as a potential neuroprotective agent. Based on its anti-inflammatory activity, we tested the efficacy of rolipram in suppressing inflammatory disease activity in multiple sclerosis in a proof-of-principle phase I/II open-label clinical trial. Enrolled MS patients were evaluated by monthly MRI and clinical examinations during 3 months (four MRIs) of pretreatment baseline and 8 months of rolipram therapy. The primary outcome was a change in contrast-enhanced lesions between baseline and the last 4 months of rolipram therapy. Previously defined biomarkers of rolipram-mediated immunomodulation were evaluated during the study. The trial was stopped prematurely because the drug was poorly tolerated and because of safety concerns: we observed an increase, rather than decrease, in the brain inflammatory activity measured by contrast-enhanced lesions on brain MRI. At the administered doses rolipram was active in vivo as documented by immunological assays. We conclude that the reasons underlying the discrepancy between the therapeutic efficacy of rolipram in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis versus multiple sclerosis are at present not clear.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.