Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19775448›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2009

Development and validation of the accommodation and enabling scale for eating disorders (AESED) for caregivers in eating disorders.

Ana R Sepulveda, Olivia Kyriacou, Janet Treasure

Open access · goldAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A network analysis in adolescent anorexia nervosa exploring the connection between both patient and carer reactions and outcome.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2023
    Trial
  3. Trial
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  5. Changes in Parental Well-Being Following Intensive Day Programme Treatment for Restrictive Eating Disorders in Adolescents.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026
    Article
  6. Participation in the New Maudsley Model Workshops is Associated With Reductions in Caregiver Burden in Eating Disorders.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Clinical Outcomes After Temperament Based Therapy With Support (TBT-S): A 12-Month Naturalistic Follow-Up Study.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
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  15. The current clinical approach to feeding and eating disorders aimed to increase personalization of management.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
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  19. Family accommodation in PTSD: Proposed considerations and distinctions from the established transdiagnostic literature.Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association · 2023
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  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ana R SepulvedaDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Section of Eating Disorders, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. a.sepulveda@iop.kcl.ac.uk
Olivia Kyriacou
Janet Treasure
King's College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFamilies of people with eating disorders are often caught up in rule bound eating and safety behaviours that characterise the illness. The main aim of this study was to develop a valid and specific scale to measure family accommodation in the context of having a relative with an eating disorder.

methodsA new scale, the Accommodation and Enabling Scale for Eating Disorders (AESED), was jointly generated by professionals and expert carers through qualitative analysis. In the first stage, this instrument was given to 201 family members of relatives diagnosed with an eating disorder, with additional self-report measures including the Experience of Caregiving Inventory (ECI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Family Questionnaire (FQ). In the second stage, the sensitivity of the AESED to change was tested in a pre-and-post design study with a new sample of 116 caregivers, using a DVDs-distance skills training for caregivers.

resultsA 33 item instrument was derived consisting of five factors: Avoidance and Modifying Routine, Reassurance Seeking, Meal Ritual, Control of Family and Turning a Blind Eye, which together explained 60.1% of the variance. This scale had good psychometric properties in terms of Cronbach's alpha which ranged from 0.77 to 0.92. Regarding the convergent validity, most of the AESED subscales was moderately supported by correlations with anxiety (HADS; r = 0.24 to 0.48) and depression levels (HADS; r = 0.17 to 0.47), negative caregiving (ECI; r = 0.18 to 0.45), and expressed emotion levels (FQ; r = 0.17 to 0.51). Pre-post intervention assessments showed that the overall AESED scale (d = 0.38) and the avoidance and modifying routine (d = 0.52), meal ritual (d = 0.27) and control of the family (d = 0.49) subscales were sensitive to change.

conclusionInternal consistency was good and initial validity of the scale was adequate, it was able to discriminate differences between clinical variables, however, further work is needed to confirm the factor structure and validity of the AESED. Nevertheless, this scale may be of value in exploring and helping to improve carers' coping strategies and in examining the effectiveness of family based interventions.

Indexed as

Surveys and QuestionnairesAdultAnxiety DisordersBehaviorCaregiversDepressive DisorderFeeding and Eating DisordersFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrincipal Component AnalysisPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSelf-AssessmentSensitivity and Specificity

Identifiers

PMID19775448
PMCPMC2759929
OpenAlexW2155110464

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.