Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19771170›Full record

ArticlePloS one2009

Estrogen/estrogen receptor alpha signaling in mouse posterofrontal cranial suture fusion.

Aaron W James, Alexander A Theologis, Samantha A Brugmann, Yue Xu, Antoine L Carre, Philipp Leucht, Katherine Hamilton, Kenneth S Korach, Michael T Longaker

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Aaron W JamesHagey Pediatric Regenerative Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Alexander A Theologis
Samantha A Brugmann
Yue Xu
Antoine L Carre
Philipp Leucht
Katherine Hamilton
Kenneth S Korach
Michael T Longaker
Stanford University · USNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Chemical Receptor Interactions In Reproduction And Hormonal ToxicityZIAES070065 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI KORACH, KENNETH S · 2009 to 2019
$29.6M
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CRANIAL SUTURE FUSIONR01DE013194 · NIDCR · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LONGAKER, MICHAEL T · 1999 to 2007
$3.2M
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CALVARIAL HEALINGR01DE014526 · NIDCR · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LONGAKER, MICHAEL T · 2002 to 2006
$2.0M
Intramural NIH HHSNIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE013194NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE014526NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE-13194NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE-14526
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile premature suture fusion, or craniosynostosis, is a relatively common condition, the cause is often unknown. Estrogens are associated with growth plate fusion of endochondral bones. In the following study, we explore the previously unknown significance of estrogen/estrogen receptor signaling in cranial suture biology. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL

findingsFirstly, estrogen receptor (ER) expression was examined in physiologically fusing (posterofrontal) and patent (sagittal) mouse cranial sutures by quantitative RT-PCR. Next, the cranial suture phenotype of ER alpha and ER beta knockout (alphaERKO, betaERKO) mice was studied. Subsequently, mouse suture-derived mesenchymal cells (SMCs) were isolated; the effects of 17-beta estradiol or the estrogen antagonist Fulvestrant on gene expression, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation were examined in vitro. Finally, in vivo experiments were performed in which Fulvestrant was administered subcutaneously to the mouse calvaria. Results showed that increased ERalpha but not ERbeta transcript abundance temporally coincided with posterofrontal suture fusion. The alphaERKO but not betaERKO mouse exhibited delayed posterofrontal suture fusion. In vitro, addition of 17-beta estradiol enhanced both osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in suture-derived mesenchymal cells, effects reversible by Fulvestrant. Finally, in vivo application of Fulvestrant significantly diminished calvarial osteogenesis, inhibiting suture fusion. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Estrogen signaling through ERalpha but not ERbeta is associated with and necessary for normal mouse posterofrontal suture fusion. In vitro studies suggest that estrogens may play a role in osteoblast and/or chondrocyte differentiation within the cranial suture complex.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell DifferentiationCell ProliferationCranial SuturesEstradiolEstrogen AntagonistsEstrogen Receptor alphaEstrogensFulvestrantGene Expression RegulationMesodermMiceMice, KnockoutReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSignal TransductionEstradiolEstrogen AntagonistsEstrogen Receptor alphaEstrogensFulvestrant

Identifiers

PMID19771170
PMCPMC2743190
OpenAlexW2101431584

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.