ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2009
Understanding why some ethnic minority patients evaluate medical care more negatively than white patients: a cross sectional analysis of a routine patient survey in English general practices.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Black and minority ethnic group involvement in health and social care research: A systematic review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2018Pooled it
- Barriers to access and minority ethnic carers' satisfaction with social care services in the community: a systematic review of qualitative and quantitative literature.Health & social care in the community · 2015Pooled it
- Exploring demographic and lifestyle associations with patient experience following telephone triage by a primary care doctor or nurse: secondary analyses from a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMJ quality & safety · 2015Trial
- Activation, self-management, engagement, and retention in behavioral health care: a randomized clinical trial of the DECIDE intervention.JAMA psychiatry · 2014Trial
- Clinical pharmacists in diabetes management: What do minority patients with uncontrolled diabetes have to say?Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhATrial
- Case-mix adjustments of patient reported experience measures in general practice: variations between Norwegian municipalities.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Ethnic differences in healthcare utilisation and diagnosis after first presentation with breathlessness: a retrospective cohort study using UK primary care records.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- Challenges in cochlear implant care for patients with migration backgrounds: Evaluating (Hr)QoL.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- Understanding the challenges of medicine optimisation among older people (aged 60 years and above) from ethnic minority communities with polypharmacy in primary care: a realist review protocol.Systematic reviews · 2025Article
- From eligibility to diagnosis: candidacy and the complex journey of cerebral palsy diagnosis within primary care.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Patient Characteristics Associated With Disparities in Engagement With and Experience of COVID-19 Remote Home Monitoring Services: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Article
- At the intersection of trust and mistrust: A qualitative analysis of motivators and barriers to research participation at a safety-net hospital.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2023Article
- Continuity of care in diverse ethnic groups: a general practice record study in England.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- The perceptions of general practice among Central and Eastern Europeans in the United Kingdom: A systematic scoping review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2022Article
- Satisfaction with access to health services among foreign-born population in Finland: a survey-based study.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Development of a patient-reported experience measure for chronic inflammatory skin diseases.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2022Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare Rating, Diabetes Self-efficacy, and Diabetes Management Among Non-pregnant Women of Childbearing Age: Does Socioeconomic Status Matter?Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2022Article
- Understanding disparities in primary care patient experience.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2021Article
- The association between Asian patient race/ethnicity and lower satisfaction scores.BMC health services research · 2020Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine why patients from ethnic minorities give poorer evaluations of primary health care than white patients.
designCross sectional analysis of patient surveys collected in general practice.
setting1098 English general practices that undertook a routine survey of patients using the General Practice Assessment Questionnaire between April 2005 and March 2006.
participants188,572 survey respondents, 95.8% of whom identified themselves as "white," "black/black British," "Asian/Asian British," or "Chinese." Analyses were restricted to between 133,441 (71%) and 147,686 (78%) respondents with complete data on relevant variables.
main outcome measuresPatient evaluations of waiting times for general practitioner appointments, time spent waiting in surgeries for consultations to start, and continuity of care.
resultsAll aspects of care were rated substantially lower by respondents from the three ethnic minority groups than by white patients. Poorer evaluations of time spent waiting for consultations to begin (rated lowest by Asian patients) and continuity of care (rated lowest by Chinese patients) appeared to reflect worse reported experiences by ethnic minority groups. Substantial differences between white and ethnic minority patients' ratings of appointment waiting times persisted, however, even after adjusting for the actual time patients reported waiting. This effect disappeared for Chinese and black respondents after adjusting for evaluations of reception staff and doctors' communication skills, but Asian patients' ratings remained considerably lower than those of white respondents.
conclusionsImportant differences in assessments of care exist in different ethnic minority groups. Some negative evaluations may reflect communication issues. Among Asian patients, lower ratings of waiting times for appointments may also reflect different expectations of care. Adjusting survey results for ethnicity may be justified when comparing healthcare providers; however, health services also have a responsibility to meet legitimate patient expectations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.