ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology2009
Peripheral osmotic stimulation inhibits the brain's innate immune response to microdialysis of acidic perfusion fluid adjacent to supraoptic nucleus.
Article in American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypertonic saline maintains coagulofibrinolytic homeostasis following moderate‑to‑severe traumatic brain injury by regulating monocyte phenotype via expression of lncRNAs.Molecular medicine reports · 2019Trial
- Prehospital resuscitation with hypertonic saline-dextran modulates inflammatory, coagulation and endothelial activation marker profiles in severe traumatic brain injured patients.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2010Trial
- Targeting stromal cells in tumor microenvironment as a novel treatment strategy for glioma.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Oxytocin and microglia in the development of social behaviour.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Effect of echinacoside on kidney fibrosis by inhibition of TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway in the db/db mice model of diabetic nephropathy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2017Article
- Proinflammatory cytokines upregulate sympathoexcitatory mechanisms in the subfornical organ of the rat.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2015Article
- Galanin-like peptide (GALP) facilitates thermogenesis via synthesis of prostaglandin E2 by astrocytes in the periventricular zone of the third ventricle.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2013Article
- In vivo microdialysis sampling of cytokines from rat hippocampus: comparison of cannula implantation procedures.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2013Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
During the brain's innate immune response microglia, astroglia and ependymal cells resolve/repair damaged tissue and control infection. Released interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) reaching cerebroventricles stimulates circumventricular organs (CVOs; subfornical organ, SFO; organum vasculosum lamina terminalis, OVLT), the median preoptic nucleus (MePO), and magnocellular and parvocellular neurons in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei. Hypertonic saline (HS) also activates these osmosensory CVOs and neuroendocrine systems, but, in contrast to IL-1beta, inhibits the peripheral immune response. To examine whether the brain's innate immune response is attenuated by osmotic stimulation, sterile acidic perfusion fluid was microdialyzed (2 microl/min) in the SON area of conscious rats for 6 h with sterile HS (1.5 M NaCl) injected subcutaneously (15 ml/kg) at 5 h. Immunohistochemistry identified cytokine sources (IL-1beta(+); OX-42(+) microglia) and targets (IL-1R(+); inducible cyclooxygenase, COX-2(+); c-Fos(+)) near the probe, in CVOs, MePO, ependymal cells, periventricular hypothalamus, SON, and PVN. Inserting the probe stimulated magnocellular neurons (c-Fos(+); SON; PVN) via the MePO (c-Fos(+)), a response enhanced by HS. Microdialysis activated microglia (OX-42(+); amoeboid/hypertrophied; IL-1beta(+)) in the adjacent SON and bilaterally in perivascular areas of the PVN, periventricular hypothalamus and ependyma, coincident with c-Fos expression in ependymal cells and COX-2 in the vasculature. These microglial responses were attenuated by HS, coincident with activating parvocellular and magnocellular neuroendocrine systems and elevating circulating IL-1beta, oxytocin, and vasopressin. Acidosis-induced cellular injury from microdialysis activated the brain's innate immune response by a mechanism inhibited by peripheral osmotic stimulation.
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