ArticleBMC cancer2009
Expression of oestrogen receptors, ERalpha, ERbeta, and ERbeta variants, in endometrial cancers and evidence that prostaglandin F may play a role in regulating expression of ERalpha.
Article in BMC cancer, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in the molecular mechanisms underlying progestin resistance in endometrial cancer.Fundamental research · 2025Review
- Genes Co-Expressed withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review
- Significant Association of Estrogen Receptor-β Isoforms and Coactivators in Breast Cancer Subtypes.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- The Co-Expression of Estrogen Receptors ERα, ERβ, and GPER in Endometrial Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Female Reproductive Systems: Hormone Dependence and Receptor Expression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Simultaneous FTIR and Raman Spectroscopy in Endometrial Atypical Hyperplasia and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Profiling the expression and function of oestrogen receptor isoform ER46 in human endometrial tissues and uterine natural killer cells.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- The ERβ5 splice variant increases oestrogen responsiveness of ERαpos Ishikawa cells.Endocrine-related cancer · 2020Article
- Crosstalk of estrogen receptors and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in endometrial cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2020Article
- Inverse association between estrogen receptor-α DNA methylation and breast composition in adolescent Chilean girls.Clinical epigenetics · 2018Article
- The impact of 27-hydroxycholesterol on endometrial cancer proliferation.Endocrine-related cancer · 2018Article
- Differential expression of estrogen receptor subtypes and variants in ovarian cancer: effects on cell invasion, proliferation and prognosis.BMC cancer · 2017Article
- EPScientific reports · 2017Article
- New concepts for an old problem: the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia.Human reproduction update · 2017Review
- Androgen receptors are acquired by healthy postmenopausal endometrial epithelium and their subsequent loss in endometrial cancer is associated with poor survival.British journal of cancer · 2016Article
- Cytoplasm estrogen receptor β5 as an improved prognostic factor in thymoma and thymic carcinoma progression.Oncology letters · 2015Article
- Loss of the N-terminal methyltransferase NRMT1 increases sensitivity to DNA damage and promotes mammary oncogenesis.Oncotarget · 2015Article
- Minireview: nuclear receptor coregulators of the p160 family: insights into inflammation and metabolism.Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2015Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEndometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy; risk factors include exposure to oestrogens and high body mass index. Expression of enzymes involved in biosynthesis of oestrogens and prostaglandins (PG) is often higher in endometrial cancers when compared with levels detected in normal endometrium. Oestrogens bind one of two receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta) encoded by separate genes. The full-length receptors function as ligand-activated transcription factors; splice variant isoforms of ERbeta lacking a ligand-binding domain have also been described. PGs act in an autocrine or paracrine manner by binding to specific G-protein coupled receptors.
methodsWe compared expression of ERs, progesterone receptor (PR) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in stage 1 endometrial adenocarcinomas graded as well (G1), moderately (G2) or poorly (G3) differentiated (n >or= 10 each group) using qRTPCR, single and double immunohistochemistry. We used endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines to investigate the impact of PGF2alpha on expression of ERs and PR.
resultsFull length ERbeta (ERbeta1) and two ERbeta variants (ERbeta2, ERbeta5) were expressed in endometrial cancers regardless of grade and the proteins were immunolocalised to the nuclei of cells in both epithelial and stromal compartments. Immunoexpression of COX-2 was most intense in cells that were ERalphaneg/low. Expression of PR in endometrial adenocarcinoma (Ishikawa) cell lines and tissues broadly paralleled that of ERalpha. Treatment of adenocarcinoma cells with PGF2alpha reduced expression of ERalpha but had no impact on ERbeta1. Cells incubated with PGF2alpha were unable to increase expression of PR mRNA when they were incubated with E2.
conclusionWe have demonstrated that ERbeta5 protein is expressed in stage 1 endometrial adenocarcinomas. Expression of three ERbeta variants, including the full-length protein is not grade-dependent and most cells in poorly differentiated cancers are ERbetapos/ERalphaneg. We found evidence of a link between COX-2, its product PGF2alpha, and expression of ERalpha and PR that sheds new light on the cross talk between steroid and PG signalling pathways in this disease.
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