ReviewClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2009
Lung cancer in never smokers: molecular profiles and therapeutic implications.
Review in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative analysis of first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors combined with chemotherapy versus third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer harboring circulating NRF2 pathway mutations.The Journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Somatic copy number variation as a prognostic marker for recurrence in never-smokers with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Dietary Stilbenes May Mitigate Risk of Lung Cancer: Evidence from Two Prospective Cohort Studies in the UK and Japan.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Trends and Outcomes of Lung Cancer Surgery in South Korea.Cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Gene amplification in the premalignant stages of non-small cell lung cancer development.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Revealing the Drivers Underlying Distinct Evolutionary Trajectories in Lung Adenocarcinoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Radon Exposure and Cancer Risk: Assessing Genetic and Protein Markers in Affected Populations.Biology · 2025Review
- Three-dimensional and magnified CT images of displaying the imaging features of invasive adenocarcinoma of lung.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Exploring lung cancer microenvironment: pathways and nanoparticle-based therapies.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Association of Germline Pathogenic Variants inJCO precision oncology · 2025Article
- SLC7A11 Expression Is Up-Regulated in HPV- and Tobacco-Associated Lung Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Never Smokers: An Insight into SMARCB1 Loss.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Exploring the role of cellular senescence in cancer prognosis across multiple tumor types.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Characterizing the secretome of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Chinese never smokers with adenocarcinoma of the lung are younger and have fewer lymph node metastases than smokers.Respiratory research · 2022Article
- Review
- Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis of Senescence With Cancer Prognosis and Immunotherapy.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Article
- Association of Smoking Status with Efficacy of First-line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of Cancer · 2022Article
- The Role of UK Oncogene-Focussed Patient Groups in Supporting and Educating Patients with Oncogene-Driven NSCLC: Results from a Patient-Devised Survey.Oncology and therapy · 2021Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The majority of lung cancers are caused by long term exposure to the several classes of carcinogens present in tobacco smoke. Although a significant fraction of lung cancers in never smokers may also be attributable to tobacco, many such cancers arise in the absence of detectable tobacco exposure, and may follow a very different cellular and molecular pathway of malignant transformation. Recent studies summarized here suggest that lung cancers arising in never smokers have a distinct natural history, profile of oncogenic mutations, and response to targeted therapy. The majority of molecular analyses of lung cancer have focused on genetic profiling of pathways responsible for metabolism of primary tobacco carcinogens. Limited research has been conducted evaluating familial aggregation and genetic linkage of lung cancer, particularly among never smokers in whom such associations might be expected to be strongest. Data emerging over the past several years show that lung cancers in never smokers are much more likely to carry activating mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a key oncogenic factor and direct therapeutic target of several newer anticancer drugs. EGFR mutant lung cancers may represent a distinct class of lung cancers, enriched in the never-smoking population, and less clearly linked to direct tobacco carcinogenesis. These insights followed initial testing and demonstration of efficacy of EGFR-targeted drugs. Focused analysis of molecular carcinogenesis in lung cancers in never smokers is needed, and may provide additional biologic insight with therapeutic implications for lung cancers in both ever smokers and never smokers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.