ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2009
Bordetella pertussis strains with increased toxin production associated with pertussis resurgence.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03197597 (EUpertstrain 4 Study of Bordetella Pertussis Isolates), which is not on this map. Cited by 165 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
EUpertstrain 4 Study of Bordetella Pertussis Isolates
Who cites it
165 citing papers in PubMed, 345 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunological insights into why pertussis continues to be endemic.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- IS481-based pertussis positivity transition from preschool to school-aged children and theEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- [Temporal criteria and promotion strategies for early diagnosis of infant pertussis].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Article
- Laboratory diagnosis of pertussis: A survey on provincial public health laboratory methods.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2026Article
- Released palmitic acid-mediated TLR4/NF-κB activation enhances the virulence of Bordetella pertussis MT28 lineage.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Molecular surveillance of Bordetella pertussis during the 2024 outbreak in Southeast Brazil: allelic profiles and comparison to vaccine strain.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Hypofucosylation promotes pertussis toxin binding to cell surface glycococonjugates and pertussis toxin-induced intracellular ERK signaling.Glycobiology · 2026Article
- Revisiting Whooping Cough: Global Drivers and Implications of Pertussis Resurgence in the Acellular Vaccine Era.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Resurgence of pertussis: Epidemiological trends, contributing factors, challenges, and recommendations for vaccination and surveillance.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- As pertussis returns to pre-COVID19 endemicity, vaccination remains our best ally against an evolvingEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Genomic epidemiology and evolution ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Sharp rise in high-virulence Bordetella pertussis with macrolides resistance in Northern China.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Proteomic comparison of epidemic AustralianMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Pertussis-A Re-Emerging Threat Despite Immunization: An Analysis of Vaccine Effectiveness and Antibiotic Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Molecular epidemiology and increasing macrolide resistance of Bordetella pertussis isolates in Guangzhou, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Molecular epidemiology and genomic features of Bordetella pertussis in Tianjin, China, 2023.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Macrolide-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- [Potential impact of adjusting immunization procedure for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine on pertussis in clinical practice].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2025Review
- Waning immunity, prevailing non-vaccine typeThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Vaccine antigen-based genotyping ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Before childhood vaccination was introduced in the 1940s, pertussis was a major cause of infant death worldwide. Widespread vaccination of children succeeded in reducing illness and death. In the 1990s, a resurgence of pertussis was observed in a number of countries with highly vaccinated populations, and pertussis has become the most prevalent vaccine-preventable disease in industrialized countries. We present evidence that in the Netherlands the dramatic increase in pertussis is temporally associated with the emergence of Bordetella pertussis strains carrying a novel allele for the pertussis toxin promoter, which confers increased pertussis toxin (Ptx) production. Epidemiologic data suggest that these strains are more virulent in humans. We discuss changes in the ecology of B. pertussis that may have driven this adaptation. Our results underline the importance of Ptx in transmission, suggest that vaccination may select for increased virulence, and indicate ways to control pertussis more effectively.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.