ArticleEukaryotic cell2009
A contiguous compartment functions as endoplasmic reticulum and endosome/lysosome in Giardia lamblia.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- GlRac regulates an ATG8-independent autophagy-like pathway in Giardia lamblia.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Unconventional Protein Transport Across the Golgi Ribbon.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- The history of giardiasis.Parasitology research · 2025Review
- Two Centrins and Their Posttranslational Modification Modulate the Cell Cycle of Giardia lamblia.MicrobiologyOpen · 2025Article
- Giardiavirus infection alleviates growth restriction and intestinal damage caused by the intestinal parasite Giardia duodenalis.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Microbial Matryoshka: Addressing the Relationship between Pathogenic Flagellated Protozoans and Their RNA Viral Endosymbionts (FamilyVeterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Endocytosis in anaerobic parasitic protists.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2024Review
- Expansion of metabolically labelled endocytic organelles and cytoskeletal cell structures inMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2024Article
- On the origin of the nucleus: a hypothesis.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2023Review
- A core UPS molecular complement implicates unique endocytic compartments at the parasite-host interface inVirulence · 2023Article
- Ultrastructural Alterations of the Human PathogenPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Unusual Cell Structures and Organelles inMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Combined nanometric and phylogenetic analysis of unique endocytic compartments in Giardia lamblia sheds light on the evolution of endocytosis in Metamonada.BMC biology · 2022Article
- Trogocytosis in Unicellular Eukaryotes.Cells · 2021Review
- Inheritance of the reduced mitochondria of Giardia intestinalis is coupled to the flagellar maturation cycle.BMC biology · 2021Article
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- Exosome Biogenesis in the Protozoa ParasiteCells · 2019Article
- Secreted Giardia intestinalis cysteine proteases disrupt intestinal epithelial cell junctional complexes and degrade chemokines.Virulence · 2018Article
- Multiple paralogues of α-SNAP in Giardia lamblia exhibit independent subcellular localization and redistribution during encystation and stress.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The dynamic evolution of organelle compartmentalization in eukaryotes and how strictly compartmentalization is maintained are matters of ongoing debate. While the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is classically envisioned as the site of protein cotranslational translocation, it has recently been proposed to have pluripotent functions. Using transfected reporter constructs, organelle-specific markers, and functional enzyme assays, we now show that in an early-diverging protozoan, Giardia lamblia, endocytosis and subsequent degradation of exogenous proteins occur in the ER or in an adjacent and communicating compartment. The Giardia endomembrane system is simple compared to those of typical eukaryotes. It lacks peroxisomes, a classical Golgi apparatus, and canonical lysosomes. Giardia orthologues of mammalian lysosomal proteases function within an ER-like tubulovesicular compartment, which itself can dynamically communicate with clathrin-containing vacuoles at the periphery of the cell to receive endocytosed proteins. These primitive characteristics support Giardia's proposed early branching and could serve as a model to study the compartmentalization of endocytic and lysosomal functions into organelles distinct from the ER. This system also may have functional similarity to the retrograde transport of toxins and major histocompatibility complex class I function in the ER of mammals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.