Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19746963›Full record

ArticleJournal of medicinal chemistry2009

Design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure, and biological evaluation of a series of novel macrocyclic human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance.

Arun K Ghosh, Sarang Kulkarni, David D Anderson, Lin Hong, Abigail Baldridge, Yuan-Fang Wang, Alexander A Chumanevich, Andrey Y Kovalevsky, Yasushi Tojo, Masayuki Amano and 4 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. The Chiron Approach to (3The Journal of organic chemistry · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Arun K GhoshDepartment of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA. akghosh@purdue.edu
Sarang Kulkarni
David D Anderson
Lin Hong
Abigail Baldridge
Yuan-Fang Wang
Alexander A Chumanevich
Andrey Y Kovalevsky
Yasushi Tojo
Masayuki Amano
Yasuhiro Koh
Jordan Tang
Irene T Weber
Hiroaki Mitsuya
Georgia State University · USPurdue University West Lafayette · USKumamoto University · JPOklahoma Medical Research Foundation · USNational Cancer Institute · US

Funding

Design & Synthesis of Nonpeptide Protease InhibitorsR37GM053386 · NIGMS · PURDUE UNIVERSITY · PI GHOSH, ARUN K · 2011 to 2018
$3.9M
DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF NONPEPTIDE PROTEASE INHIBITORSR01GM053386 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI GHOSH, ARUN K · 1995 to 2010
$3.7M
ACTIVITY OF RESISTANT VARIANTS OF HIV PROTEASER01GM062920 · NIGMS · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI WEBER, IRENE T · 2000 to 2012
$3.3M
Inhibition of Resistant Variants of HIV ProteaseU01GM062920 · NIGMS · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI HARRISON, ROBERT WILSON, WEBER, IRENE T · 2013 to 2018
$2.1M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM062920NIGMS NIH HHS GM53386NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM053386NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM062920NIGMS NIH HHS R37 GM053386NIGMS NIH HHS U01 GM062920
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of nonpeptidic macrocyclic HIV protease inhibitors are described. The inhibitors are designed to effectively fill in the hydrophobic pocket in the S1'-S2' subsites and retain all major hydrogen bonding interactions with the protein backbone similar to darunavir (1) or inhibitor 2. The ring size, the effect of methyl substitution, and unsaturation within the macrocyclic ring structure were assessed. In general, cyclic inhibitors were significantly more potent than their acyclic homologues, saturated rings were less active than their unsaturated analogues and a preference for 10- and 13-membered macrocylic rings was revealed. The addition of methyl substituents resulted in a reduction of potency. Both inhibitors 14b and 14c exhibited marked enzyme inhibitory and antiviral activity, and they exerted potent activity against multidrug-resistant HIV-1 variants. Protein-ligand X-ray structures of inhibitors 2 and 14c provided critical molecular insights into the ligand-binding site interactions.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsCell LineCrystallography, X-RayDrug DesignDrug Resistance, ViralHIV-1HIV ProteaseHIV Protease InhibitorsHumansLigandsMacrocyclic CompoundsModels, MolecularMolecular ConformationMutationAnti-HIV AgentsHIV ProteaseHIV Protease InhibitorsLigandsMacrocyclic Compoundsp16 protease, Human immunodeficiency virus 1

Identifiers

PMID19746963
PMCPMC2943150
OpenAlexW2010751579

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.