ArticleJournal of virology2009
Antagonism to and intracellular sequestration of human tetherin by the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 207 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
207 citing papers in PubMed, 271 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preservation of tetherin and CD4 counter-activities in circulating Vpu alleles despite extensive sequence variation within HIV-1 infected individuals.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- HIV-2 infection as a comparative lens for functional HIV-1 remission.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- HIV-2 glycoproteins upregulate microRNAs 25 and 93 to counter the MARCH1 antiviral effect in macrophages.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- HIV-2 evades restriction by ZAP through adaptations in the U3 LTR region despite increased CpG levels.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- BST-2 Promotes N Protein Degradation and Inhibits Viral Replication Through the MARCHF8/NDP52 Autophagy Pathway.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- CD317 functions as a key antiviral factor in human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- EIAV encodes an accessory protein that antagonizes the host restriction factor equine tetherin.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in HIV-1: The Role of Virus-Host Protein Interactions.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Review
- Mutations accumulated in the Spike of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron allow for more efficient counteraction of the restriction factor BST2/Tetherin.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Interactions between HIV proteins and host restriction factors: implications for potential therapeutic intervention in HIV infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Host cell restriction factors of equine infectious anemia virus.Virologica Sinica · 2023Review
- The Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Signal Peptide Is a Tetherin Antagonizing Protein.mBio · 2023Article
- Human BST2 inhibits rabies virus release independently of cysteine-linked dimerization and asparagine-linked glycosylation.PloS one · 2023Article
- Research progress on the E protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Review
- The Myeloid-Specific Transcription Factor PU.1 Upregulates Mannose Receptor Expression but Represses Basal Activity of the HIV-LTR Promoter.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Productive Replication of HIV-1 but Not SIVmac in Small Ruminant Cells.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Substitutions in Nef That Uncouple Tetherin and SERINC5 Antagonism Impair Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in Primary Rhesus Macaque Lymphocytes.Journal of virology · 2022Article
147 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tetherin (CD317/BST-2), an interferon-induced membrane protein, restricts the release of nascent retroviral particles from infected cell surfaces. While human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encodes the accessory gene vpu to overcome the action of tetherin, the lineage of primate lentiviruses that gave rise to HIV-2 does not. It has been previously reported that the HIV-2 envelope glycoprotein has a Vpu-like function in promoting virus release. Here we demonstrate that the HIV-2 Rod envelope glycoprotein (HIV-2 Rod Env) is a tetherin antagonist. Expression of HIV-2 Rod Env, but not that of HIV-1 or the closely related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIVmac1A11, counteracts tetherin-mediated restriction of Vpu-defective HIV-1 in a cell-type-specific manner. This correlates with the ability of the HIV-2 Rod Env to mediate cell surface downregulation of tetherin. Antagonism requires an endocytic motif conserved across HIV/SIV lineages in the gp41 cytoplasmic tail, but specificity for tetherin is governed by extracellular determinants in the mature Env protein. Coimmunoprecipitation studies suggest an interaction between HIV-2 Rod Env and tetherin, but unlike studies with Vpu, we found no evidence of tetherin degradation. In the presence of HIV-2 Rod Env, tetherin localization is restricted to the trans-Golgi network, suggesting Env-mediated effects on tetherin trafficking sequester it from virus assembly sites on the plasma membrane. Finally, we recapitulated these observations in HIV-2-infected CD4+ T-cell lines, demonstrating that tetherin antagonism and sequestration occur at physiological levels of Env expression during virus replication.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.