Trial reportAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2009
Alcohols for skin antisepsis at clinically relevant skin sites.
Trial report in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antisepsis Techniques in Orthopedic Surgical Procedures: a Comparative Study
The Effect of Skin Antisepsis After Primary Skin Closure on the Incidence of Surgical Site Infection After Abdominal Surgery for Sepsis: a Preliminary Report of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chlorhexidine vs Povidone-Iodine and Incidence of Catheter-Related Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of different preoperative antiseptics in preventing a risk of surgical site infections: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of randomized controlled trials.Wideochirurgia i inne techniki maloinwazyjne = Videosurgery and other miniinvasive techniques · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of architectural separation of septic and aseptic operating theatres for improving process quality and patient outcomes: a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of povidone-iodine-alcohol versus chlorhexidine-alcohol for surgical skin preparation on the aerobic and anaerobic skin flora of the shoulder region.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2021Trial
- Alcohol (70%) versus alcoholic chlorhexidine solution (0.5%) in skin antisepsis for neuraxial blocks: a randomized clinical trial.Revista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes · 2021Trial
- Low-cost antimicrobial fortification of ultrasound coupling gel: An ergonomic innovation to combat sonology-acquired nosocomial infections.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2019Trial
- Efficacy and safety of three antiseptics for neonatal skin disinfection: a cohort study.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Antisepsis before skin injections: does the WHO recommendation for washing, instead alcohol-based antisepsis, achieve the same efficacy?GMS hygiene and infection control · 2025Article
- A Five-Bundle Intervention to Improve Blood Culture Use in a Tertiary Hospital in Romania.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- THE EFFECT OF SKIN ANTISEPSIS AFTER PRIMARY SKIN CLOSURE ON THE INCIDENCE OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION AFTER ABDOMINAL SURGERY FOR SEPSIS: A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL.Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine · 2023Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the usage of antiseptics prior to invasive medical procedures: Evidence from Sri Lankan Healthcare Professionals.SAGE open medicine · 2023Article
- Microbiological Evaluation of Novel Bis-Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: Clinical Strains, Biofilms, and Resistance Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Comparative in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of povidone-iodine and other commercially available antiseptics against clinically relevant pathogens.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2021Article
- Efficacies of the original and modified World Health Organization-recommended hand-rub formulations.The Journal of hospital infection · 2020Review
- Antisepsis Techniques in Orthopedic Surgical Procedures: A Comparative Study.Revista brasileira de ortopedia · 2020Article
- Microbial Load in Septic and Aseptic Procedure Rooms.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2017Observational
- Effects of olanexidine gluconate on preoperative skin preparation: an experimental study in cynomolgus monkeys.Journal of medical microbiology · 2017Article
- Sepsis, parenteral vaccination and skin disinfection.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The antiseptic efficacy of ethanol, isopropanol, and n-propanol at 60%, 70%, and 89.5% (all vol/vol) was analyzed after 2, 3, or 4 min of application to the forehead, back, and abdomen of 180 volunteers by the use of a standardized swab sampling method. Results of recolonization by the aerobic skin flora of the upper arms and backs of 20 volunteers were compared 72 h after treatment with 0.5%, 1%, or 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) in 89.5% n-propanol. The most effective alcohol at all skin sites was n-propanol, with a mean log(10) reduction of 1.82 after 2 min on the forehead. Efficacy against the aerobic flora of the forehead was mainly influenced by the type of alcohol (P < 0.001), followed by the concentration (P < 0.001) and the application time (P = 0.006). Ethanol and isopropanol were significantly less effective (both P < 0.001). Alcohol supplemented with 0.5% or more CHG was significantly more effective than alcohol alone in the suppression of recolonization (P < 0.05). An 89.5% solution of n-propanol was the most effective alcohol for the reduction of populations of aerobic skin flora. Its combination with CHG is appropriate whenever recolonization of the skin must be limited. Further studies are needed to determine the most effective concentration of CHG in n-propanol to provide the best protection against recolonization of the skin, e.g., for catheter site care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.