ArticleInfection and immunity2009
Kinetics of the immune response profile in guinea pigs after vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis BCG and infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The study of immunological markers in tuberculosis across animal models and its translation to human research.Lab animal · 2026Review
- Model systems to studyFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Time to face the proofs: the BCG Moreau vaccine promotes superior inflammatory cytokine profileHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Article
- IL-10 Receptor Blockade Delivered Simultaneously with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Sustains Long-Term Protection againstJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Neonatal and infant immunity for tuberculosis vaccine development: importance of age-matched animal models.Disease models & mechanisms · 2020Review
- Pulmonary mucosal immunity mediated through CpG provides adequate protection against pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the mouse model. A role for type I interferon.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2020Article
- Evaluation of Peripheral Blood Markers as Early Endpoint Criteria in Guinea Pigs (Comparative medicine · 2020Article
- Article
- The BCGΔBCG1419c Vaccine Candidate Reduces Lung Pathology, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 During Chronic TB Infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis sigE mutant ST28 used as a vaccine induces protective immunity in the guinea pig model.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2017Article
- Characterization of guinea pig T cell responses elicited after EP-assisted delivery of DNA vaccines to the skin.Vaccine · 2017Article
- PPE38 Protein ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Article
- Animal models of tuberculosis: Guinea pigs.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2014Review
- Tuberculosis vaccines and prevention of infection.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2014Review
- HspX vaccination and role in virulence in the guinea pig model of tuberculosis.Pathogens and disease · 2014Article
- Kinetics of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha gene expression and their relationship with disease progression after infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in guinea pigs.Yonsei medical journal · 2013Article
- Article
- Assessment of vaccine testing at three laboratories using the guinea pig model of tuberculosis.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2012Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The guinea pig model of tuberculosis is used extensively in assessing novel vaccines, since Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination effectively prolongs survival after low-dose aerosol infection with virulent M. tuberculosis. To better understand how BCG extends time to death after pulmonary infection with M. tuberculosis, we examined cytokine responses postvaccination and recruitment of activated T cells and cytokine response postinfection. At 10 weeks postvaccination, splenic gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) mRNA was significantly elevated compared to the levels at 5 weeks in ex vivo stimulation assays. At 15, 40, 60, and 120 days postinfection, T-cell activation (CD4+ CD62Llow and CD8+ CD62Llow) and mRNA expression of IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-10, IL-12, and eomesodermin were assessed. Our data show that at day 40, BCG-vaccinated guinea pigs had significantly increased levels of IFN-gamma mRNA expression but decreased TNF-alpha mRNA expression in their lungs compared to the levels in nonvaccinated animals. At day 120, a time when nonvaccinated guinea pigs succumbed to infection, low levels of IFN-gamma mRNA were observed even though there were increasing levels of IL-1, IL-12, and IL-10, and the numbers of activated T cells did not differ from those in BCG-vaccinated animals. BCG vaccination conferred the advantage of recruiting greater numbers of CD4+ CD62Llow T cells at day 40, although the numbers of CD8+ CD62Llow T cells were not elevated compared to the numbers in nonvaccinated animals. Our data suggest that day 40 postinfection may be a pivotal time point in determining vaccine efficacy and prolonged survival and that BCG promotes the capacity of T cells in the lungs to respond to infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.