ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2009
Chronic antigenic stimuli as a possible explanation for the immunodepression caused by liver cirrhosis.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is an Independent Risk Factor for Decompensation in Cirrhosis Patients.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Dysregulated biomarkers of innate and adaptive immunity predict infections and disease progression in cirrhosis.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2023Article
- Liver cirrhosis and immune dysfunction.International immunology · 2022Review
- Increased Natural Killer Cells Are Associated with Alcohol Liver Fibrosis and with T Cell and Cytotoxic Subpopulations Change.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Latent tuberculosis: Risk factors, screening and treatment in liver transplantation recipients from an endemic area.World journal of transplantation · 2021Article
- The NLRP3 inflammasome mediates liver failure by activating procaspase-1 and pro-IL-1 β and regulating downstream CD40-CD40L signaling.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy despite immune recovery in a HIV/HCV co-infected patient.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- Propranolol Suppresses the T-Helper Cell Depletion-Related Immune Dysfunction in Cirrhotic Mice.Cells · 2020Article
- Article
- Liver fibrosis and accelerated immune dysfunction (immunosenescence) among HIV-infected Russians with heavy alcohol consumption - an observational cross-sectional study.BMC gastroenterology · 2019Observational
- Article
- Risk factors for recurrence of primary biliary cholangitis after liver transplantation in female patients: A Japanese multicenter retrospective study.Hepatology communications · 2017Article
- Immune Dysfunction in Cirrhosis.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2017Review
- Presepsin teardown - pitfalls of biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of bacterial infection in cirrhosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2016Article
- Gut epithelial barrier dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis C virus coinfected patients: Influence on innate and acquired immunity.World journal of gastroenterology · 2016Review
- Generalized Liver- and Blood-Derived CD8+ T-Cell Impairment in Response to Cytokines in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection.PloS one · 2016Article
- Immune activation response in chronic HIV-infected patients: influence of Hepatitis C virus coinfection.PloS one · 2015Article
- Novel insights in preventing Gram-negative bacterial infection in cirrhotic patients: review on the effects of GM-CSF in maintaining homeostasis of the immune system.Hepatology international · 2015Review
- Immune dysfunction in cirrhosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Review
- Risk factors and outcome of bacterial infections in cirrhosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objectives of this work were the analysis of the functional characteristics of circulating monocytes and T lymphocytes in patients with liver cirrhosis, and evaluation of the relationship with an increased exposure to antigens due to bacterial translocation. Forty patients with liver cirrhosis (20 with compensated cirrhosis and 20 with ascitic decompensation) and 20 healthy control subjects were studied. Bacterial translocation was evaluated by serum levels of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). Macrophage activation was studied by CD40 antigen expression. T lymphocytes were analysed for activation (CD25(+), CD122(+)), effector function (CD8(+)CD45RO(+)CD57(+)), apoptosis (CD95(+)) and regulatory abilities, either by analysis of the membrane expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86 and CD28, or by quantification of regulatory T cells CD4(+)CD25(high)forkhead box P3 (FoxP3). The percentage of activated monocytes and T lymphocytes in patients was increased significantly. The proportions of effector senescent cells and of those near to apoptosis were also significantly higher. With respect to these proportions, there were no significant differences between patients in function of the presence or absence of decompensation or in function of the increased or normal values of LBP. Conversely, those patients with elevated levels of LBP presented a significantly higher frequency of regulatory T cells than those with normal levels. In conclusion, patients with liver cirrhosis showed an intensive activation state with a higher percentage of cells committed to activation-induced death, even in non-advanced stages. It is possible that bacterial permeability and endotoxaemia contribute to the expansion of those lymphocyte populations implicated in the prevention of a more severe antigen-induced immunopathology.
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