ArticleCirculation2009
Emergency hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases and ambient levels of carbon monoxide: results for 126 United States urban counties, 1999-2005.
Article in Circulation, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Air Pollution on Heart Failure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Pooled it
- Association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and heart failure: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of more than 7 million participants.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Short term exposure to air pollution and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Pooled it
- Global association of air pollution and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lancet (London, England) · 2013Pooled it
- Association of Carbon Monoxide exposure with blood pressure among pregnant women in rural Ghana: Evidence from GRAPHS.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2016Trial
- Limitations of Environmental Extrapolation in Low-Cost Carbon Monoxide and Fine Particulate Matter Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Influence of e-cigarettes and their constituents on cardiac rhythm and arrhythmias.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Review
- An exploratory analysis of miRNAs measured in placental tissue and their associations with prenatal exposure to household air pollution.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Article
- Household air pollution exposure in adult women is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness: A cross-sectional study of the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network trial.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2025Article
- Assessing the Impact of Wildfire Emissions on the Seasonal Cycle of CO and Emergency Room Visits in Alberta and Ontario, Canada.GeoHealth · 2025Article
- Environmental Pollutants as Emerging Concerns for Cardiac Diseases: A Review on Their Impacts on Cardiac Health.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Environmental Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease: Part 1 of 2: Air Pollution.JACC. Advances · 2024Review
- Association Between Air Pollution and Coronary Heart Disease Hospitalizations in Lanzhou City, 2013-2020: a Time Series Analysis.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Article
- Analyzing the Interactions between Environmental Parameters and Cardiovascular Diseases Using Random Forest and SHAP Algorithms.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Short-term exposure to various ambient air pollutants and emergency department visits for cause-stable ischemic heart disease: a time-series study in Shanghai, China.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Ambient carbon monoxide and cardiovascular-related hospital admissions: A time-series analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Ambient carbon monoxide correlates with mortality risk of hemodialysis patients: comparing results of control selection in the case-crossover designs.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2022Article
- Within-City Variation in Ambient Carbon Monoxide Concentrations: Leveraging Low-Cost Monitors in a Spatiotemporal Modeling Framework.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Air Pollution and Ischaemic Stroke.Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2022Article
- Development of Air Quality Boxes Based on Low-Cost Sensor Technology for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalization associated with short-term exposure to outdoor carbon monoxide (CO), an air pollutant primarily generated by traffic, is inconsistent across studies. Uncertainties remain on the degree to which associations are attributable to other traffic pollutants and whether effects persist at low levels. METHODS AND
resultsWe conducted a multisite time-series study to estimate risk of CVD hospitalization associated with short-term CO exposure in 126 US urban counties during 1999-2005 for >9.3 million Medicare enrollees aged > or =65 years. We considered models with adjustment by other traffic-related pollutants: NO2, fine particulate matter (with aerodynamic diameter < or =2.5 microm), and elemental carbon. We found a positive and statistically significant association between same-day CO and increased risk of hospitalization for multiple CVD outcomes (ischemic heart disease, heart rhythm disturbances, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, total CVD). The association remained positive and statistically significant but was attenuated with copollutant adjustment, especially NO2. A 1-ppm increase in same-day daily 1-hour maximum CO was associated with a 0.96% (95% posterior interval, 0.79%, 1.12%) increase in risk of CVD admissions. With same-day NO(2) adjustment, this estimate was 0.55% (0.36%, 0.74%). The risk persisted at low CO levels <1 ppm.
conclusionsWe found evidence of an association between short-term exposure to ambient CO and risk of CVD hospitalizations, even at levels well below current US health-based regulatory standards. This evidence indicates that exposure to current CO levels may still pose a public health threat, particularly for persons with CVD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.