Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19717792›Full record

ArticleGenome research2009

Comparative genomic analyses of the human fungal pathogens Coccidioides and their relatives.

Thomas J Sharpton, Jason E Stajich, Steven D Rounsley, Malcolm J Gardner, Jennifer R Wortman, Vinita S Jordar, Rama Maiti, Chinnappa D Kodira, Daniel E Neafsey, Qiandong Zeng and 14 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 191 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
191citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

191 citing papers in PubMed, 328 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Urban soils along the Kern River and Los Gatos Creek are hotspots forbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Genome Mining of Isoindolinone-Containing Peptide Natural Products.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Decoding Pecan's Fungal Foe: A Genomic Insight intoJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. From soil to clinic: current advances in understandingMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024
    Review
  19. Overview of the Current Challenges in Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  20. Article

131 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.

Thomas J SharptonDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA. sharpton@berkeley.edu
Jason E Stajich
Steven D Rounsley
Malcolm J Gardner
Jennifer R Wortman
Vinita S Jordar
Rama Maiti
Chinnappa D Kodira
Daniel E Neafsey
Qiandong Zeng
Chiung-Yu Hung
Cody McMahan
Anna Muszewska
Marcin Grynberg
M Alejandra Mandel
Ellen M Kellner
Bridget M Barker
John N Galgiani
Marc J Orbach
Theo N Kirkland
Garry T Cole
Matthew R Henn
Bruce W Birren
John W Taylor
University of Arizona · USBroad Institute · USThe University of Texas at San Antonio · USUniversity of California, Berkeley · USInstitute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences · PLJ. Craig Venter Institute · USCenter for Infectious Disease Research · USUniversity of California San Diego · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Coccidiodes immitis Genome Sequencing ProjectU01AI050910 · NIAID · INSTITUTE FOR GENOMIC RESEARCH · PI GARDNER, MALCOLM JOHN · 2001 to 2002
$2.9M
Coccidioidomycosis:Genome Comparison, Selection and Transcription.R01AI070891 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI TAYLOR, JOHN W. · 2007 to 2011
$2.0M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI070891NIAID NIH HHS R01AI70891NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI050910NIAID NIH HHS VO1 AI50910
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While most Ascomycetes tend to associate principally with plants, the dimorphic fungi Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii are primary pathogens of immunocompetent mammals, including humans. Infection results from environmental exposure to Coccidiodies, which is believed to grow as a soil saprophyte in arid deserts. To investigate hypotheses about the life history and evolution of Coccidioides, the genomes of several Onygenales, including C. immitis and C. posadasii; a close, nonpathogenic relative, Uncinocarpus reesii; and a more diverged pathogenic fungus, Histoplasma capsulatum, were sequenced and compared with those of 13 more distantly related Ascomycetes. This analysis identified increases and decreases in gene family size associated with a host/substrate shift from plants to animals in the Onygenales. In addition, comparison among Onygenales genomes revealed evolutionary changes in Coccidioides that may underlie its infectious phenotype, the identification of which may facilitate improved treatment and prevention of coccidioidomycosis. Overall, the results suggest that Coccidioides species are not soil saprophytes, but that they have evolved to remain associated with their dead animal hosts in soil, and that Coccidioides metabolism genes, membrane-related proteins, and putatively antigenic compounds have evolved in response to interaction with an animal host.

Indexed as

Genome, FungalAnimalsCoccidioidesGenetic SpeciationGenomicsHistoplasmaHumansMitosporic FungiMolecular Sequence DataOnygenalesPhylogenySelection, GeneticSequence Analysis, DNASynteny

Identifiers

PMID19717792
PMCPMC2765278
OpenAlexW2169900015

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.