ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2009
Functional characterization of the antibiotic resistance reservoir in the human microflora.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 411 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
411 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of antimicrobial therapy in children with tracheostomies.Pediatric pulmonology · 2024Pooled it
- A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-ResistantInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review of human gut resistome studies revealed variable definitions and approaches.Gut microbes · 2020Pooled it
- Impact of a Purified Microbiome Therapeutic on Abundance of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Patients With Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Pre-existing β-lactamase gene diversity is associated with lower risk of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales colonization in patients exposed to ceftriaxone.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Predicting resistance evolution to guide antibiotic development.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Humanizing Zophobas morio larvae microbiota for rapid screening of emerging decolonization strategies against multidrug-resistant bacteria.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Simulating the host niche: balancing complexity and control in the experimental evolution of antibiotic resistance and pathoadaptation.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- Profiling the gut resistome to unlock antimicrobial resistance biology and inform clinical risk.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Depth-resolved transcriptional activity of antibiotic resistance genes in deep permafrost of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Review
- An inhalable gallium-polyphenol nanoparticle blocks bacterial electron transport chain and signal transduction for anti-biofilm therapy.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- MicrobialScope: an integrated genomic resource with rich annotations across bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- The role of the gut microbiome in antibiotic-driven antimicrobial resistance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Twenty-Three Years of Surveillance in Chinese Avian Pasteurella multocida Reveals Declining Antimicrobial Resistance but Increasing Therapeutic Challenges.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- FMT alleviates multidrug-resistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Dietary modulation of the gut resistome: ecological and metabolic pathways driving antimicrobial resistance.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Engineered vesicles enhance oral antibiotic absorption in proximal small intestine and mitigate gut dysbiosis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Global landscape of antibiotic resistance genes in the human gut microbiome metagenome-assembled genomes.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Host genetics regulate bacterial plasmid conjugation differentially in avian ceca explant co-culture through secretory miRNA.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Article
351 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
To understand the process by which antibiotic resistance genes are acquired by human pathogens, we functionally characterized the resistance reservoir in the microbial flora of healthy individuals. Most of the resistance genes we identified using culture-independent sampling have not been previously identified and are evolutionarily distant from known resistance genes. By contrast, nearly half of the resistance genes we identified in cultured aerobic gut isolates (a small subset of the gut microbiome) are identical to resistance genes harbored by major pathogens. The immense diversity of resistance genes in the human microbiome could contribute to future emergence of antibiotic resistance in human pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.