ReviewExpert opinion on emerging drugs2009
Emerging pharmacotherapy of tinnitus.
Review in Expert opinion on emerging drugs, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Systematic Review on Healthcare and Societal Costs of Tinnitus.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Electroacupuncture for Tinnitus: A Systematic Review.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Antidepressants for patients with tinnitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Acupuncture for the treatment of tinnitus: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2012Pooled it
- Efficacy of Nortriptyline-Topiramate and Verapamil-Paroxetine in Tinnitus Management: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Trial
- Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2018Trial
- Graph theoretical analysis of brain connectivity in phantom sound perception.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Treatment of chronic tinnitus with repeated sessions of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation: outcomes from an open-label pilot study.Journal of neurology · 2012Trial
- Short and intense tailor-made notched music training against tinnitus: the tinnitus frequency matters.PloS one · 2011Trial
- Trial
- Advances in Pharmacological Approaches to Tinnitus and Hyperacusis: Insights into Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Clinical Heterogeneity from an International Scientific Meeting.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Korean medicine combination treatment for chronic tinnitus unresponsive to conventional treatment: A case report and review of literature.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of betahistine alone, caroverine alone, and caroverine plus ginkgo biloba in moderate tinnitus.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2024Observational
- Is Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Therapy the Answer for Tinnitus: A Prospective Study.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2024Article
- Mid-Infrared Photons Alleviate Tinnitus by Activating the KCNQ2 Channel in the Auditory Cortex.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Seeking Help for Tinnitus and Satisfaction With Healthcare Providers Including Diagnosis, Clinical Services, and Treatment: A Scoping Review.Evaluation & the health professions · 2023Article
- Trends of Medical Service Utilization for Tinnitus: Analysis Using 2010-2018 Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service National Patient Sample Data.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of an auditory stimulus, is perceived by about 1 in 10 adults, and for at least 1 in 100, tinnitus severely affects their quality of life. Because tinnitus is frequently associated with irritability, agitation, stress, insomnia, anxiety and depression, the social and economic burdens of tinnitus can be enormous. No curative treatments are available. However, tinnitus symptoms can be alleviated to some extent. The most widespread management therapies consist of auditory stimulation and cognitive behavioral treatment, aiming at improving habituation and coping strategies. Available clinical trials vary in methodological rigor and have been performed for a considerable number of different drugs. None of the investigated drugs have demonstrated providing replicable long-term reduction of tinnitus impact in the majority of patients in excess of placebo effects. Accordingly, there are no FDA or European Medicines Agency approved drugs for the treatment of tinnitus. However, in spite of the lack of evidence, a large variety of different compounds are prescribed off-label. Therefore, more effective pharmacotherapies for this huge and still growing market are desperately needed and even a drug that produces only a small but significant effect would have an enormous therapeutic impact. This review describes current and emerging pharmacotherapies with current difficulties and limitations. In addition, it provides an estimate of the tinnitus market. Finally, it describes recent advances in the tinnitus field which may help overcome obstacles faced in the pharmacological treatment of tinnitus. These include incomplete knowledge of tinnitus pathophysiology, lack of well-established animal models, heterogeneity of different forms of tinnitus, difficulties in tinnitus assessment and outcome measurement and variability in clinical trial methodology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.