ArticleBiomarker insights2009
Novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection-a systematic review.
Article in Biomarker insights, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cranberry for Bacteriuria in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Pooled it
- Elevated urine levels of heparin-binding protein in children with urinary tract infection.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2012Trial
- Procalcitonin for Predicting Sepsis in Infants in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Supervised Machine Learning to Identify Hospital Inpatients Needing a Change of Antibiotic Therapy in Real Time: Preclinical Diagnostic Evaluation and Feasibility Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Diagnostic utility of the urine neutrophil CD64 ratio for patients with urinary tract infections.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Aptamer-functionalized graphene quantum dots combined with artificial intelligence detect bacteria for urinary tract infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Review
- Current and emerging strategies to curb antibiotic-resistant urinary tract infections.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- Biomarkers for urinary tract infection: present and future perspectives.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Review
- The Role of Metabolomics and Microbiology in Urinary Tract Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Urine biomarkers individually and as a consensus model show high sensitivity and specificity for detecting UTIs.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- From Awareness to Action: Pioneering Solutions for Women's UTI Challenges in the Era of Precision Medicine.International journal of women's health · 2024Article
- Elevated UTI Biomarkers in Symptomatic Patients with Urine Microbial Densities of 10,000 CFU/mL Indicate a Lower Threshold for Diagnosing UTIs.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- What is the Diagnostic Accuracy of Novel Urine Biomarkers for Urinary Tract Infection?Biomarker insights · 2023Review
- Biomarkers for febrile urinary tract infection in children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- How to Prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: A Reappraisal of Vico's Theory-Is History Repeating Itself?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Nursing home residents with suspected urinary tract infections: a diagnostic accuracy study.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: Current Challenges and Future Prospects.Research and reports in urology · 2022Review
- Adiponectin alleviated renal cell apoptosis and inflammation via inactivation of JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway in an acute pyelonephritis mouse model.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Atypical Presentation of Bacteremic Urinary Tract Infection in Older Patients: Frequency and Prognostic Impact.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are associated with significant morbidity. We rely on clinical presentation, urinalysis, and urine culture to diagnose UTI. To differentiate between lower UTI and pyelonephritis, we depend on the clinical presentation. In the extremes of age and in immunocompromised individuals, clinical presentation is often atypical posing a challenge to diagnosis. In the elderly, the high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria is another confounder. We conducted a search of publications to find novel biomarkers to diagnose UTI and to ascertain its severity. We searched PUBMED, MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases for studies pertaining to novel biomarkers and UTI. Two reviewers independently evaluated the methodology of the studies using the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy) criteria. We have identified procalcitonin as a biomarker to differentiate lower UTI from pyelonephritis in the pediatric age group. Elevated serum procalcitonin levels can result in early and aggressive treatment at the time of presentation. Interleukin 6 has also shown some promise in differentiating between lower UTI and pyelonephritis but needs further validation. Lastly, given the paucity of data in certain subgroups like diabetics, kidney transplant recipients, and individuals with spinal cord injury, further studies should be conducted in these populations to improve diagnostic criteria that will inform clinical management decisions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.