Biological markers in the etiology of psoriasis: Targeted treatment options.

Psoriasis is a common chronic and disabling inflammatory disease that has an enormous physical, functional and psychosocial impact on patients' quality of life. To date several conventional therapies are available for the treatment of this condition (eg, cyclosporine, methotrexate, retinoids, and psoralen plus ultraviolet A) which, although providing clinical response, do not maintain long-lasting disease remission and at times show poor tolerability with potential toxicity thus limiting their use. A challenge in psoriasis management is to utilize precociously an adequate therapy and to achieve effective and safe maintenance of its clearance by improving both skin and joint manifestations as well as to prevent joint destruction and disability. Recent improvement in the knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease was fundamental for the development of novel targeted treatment options that may be effective, safer and well tolerated on long-term administration periods, thus improving patient's quality of life. These novel agents, which are called "biologics", target specifically tumor necrosis factor-alpha (infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab) or T cells (alefacept and efalizumab).