ArticleCancer research2009
A novel splice variant of GLI1 that promotes glioblastoma cell migration and invasion.
Article in Cancer research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 149 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of protein biomarkers of invasive behavior in glioblastoma.Molecular neurobiology · 2014Pooled it
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- Alternative spliceosomal protein Eftud2 mediated Kif3a exon skipping promotes SHH-subgroup medulloblastoma progression.Cell death and differentiation · 2025Article
- Targeting tGLI1, a novel mediator of tumor therapeutic resistance, using Ketoconazole sensitizes glioblastoma to CDK4/6 therapy and chemoradiation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
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- Prenatal Metal Exposure Alters the Placental Proteome in a Sex-Dependent Manner in Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns: Links to Gestational Age.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Sonic hedgehog signaling: Alternative splicing and pathogenic role in medulloblastoma.Genes & diseases · 2023Review
- Navigating the Blood-Brain Barrier: Challenges and Therapeutic Strategies in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Preclinical and Basic Research Strategies for Overcoming Resistance to Targeted Therapies in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
- The implications of alternative pre-mRNA splicing in cell signal transduction.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Targeting the Hedgehog Pathway in Rhabdomyosarcoma.Cancers · 2023Review
- Cuproptosis-related gene expression is associated with immune infiltration and CD47/CD24 expression in glioblastoma, and a risk score based on these genes can predict the survival and prognosis of patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- STAT family of transcription factors in breast cancer: Pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities and challenges.Seminars in cancer biology · 2022Review
- Hedgehog signaling regulates the development and treatment of glioblastoma.Oncology letters · 2022Review
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- A Novel Splice Variant ofCancers · 2022Article
- Breast cancer extracellular vesicles-derived miR-1290 activates astrocytes in the brain metastatic microenvironment via the FOXA2→CNTF axis to promote progression of brain metastases.Cancer letters · 2022Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The family of GLI zinc finger transcription factors regulates the expression of genes involved in many important cellular processes, notably embryonal development and cellular differentiation. The glioma-associated oncogene homologue 1 (GLI1) isoform, in particular, has attracted much attention because of its frequent activation in many human cancers and its interactions with other signaling pathways, such as those mediated by K-RAS, transforming growth factor-beta, epidermal growth factor receptor, and protein kinase A. Here, we report the identification of a novel truncated GLI1 splice variant, tGLI1, with an in-frame deletion of 123 bases (41 codons) spanning the entire exon 3 and part of exon 4 of the GLI1 gene. Expression of tGLI1 is undetectable in normal cells but is high in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other cancer cells. Although tGLI1 undergoes nuclear translocalization and transactivates GLI1-binding sites similar to GLI1, unlike GLI1, it is associated with increased motility and invasiveness of GBM cells. Using microarray analysis, we showed >100 genes to be differentially expressed in tGLI1-expressing compared with GLI1-expressing GBM cells, although both cell types expressed equal levels of known GLI1-regulated genes, such as PTCH1. We further showed one of the tGLI1 up-regulated genes, CD24, an invasion-associated gene, to be required for the migratory and invasive phenotype of GBM cells. These data provide conclusive evidence for a novel gain-of-function GLI1 splice variant that promotes migration and invasiveness of GBM cells and open up a new research paradigm on the role of the GLI1 pathway in malignancy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.