ArticleJournal of virology2009
Drastic reduction in the production of subviral particles does not impair hepatitis B virus virion secretion.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Roles of Alix and VPS4A in Autophagy and Endosomal Pathways and Their Relation to HBV Replication.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Hepatitis B virus enhancer 1 activates preS1 and preS2 promoters of integrated HBV DNA impairing HBsAg secretion.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2024Article
- Both middle and large envelope proteins can mediate neutralization of hepatitis B virus infectivity by anti-preS2 antibodies: escape by naturally occurring preS2 deletions.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- C2729T mutation associated with HBV mother-to-child transmission reduces HBV production via suppressing LHBs expression.Virulence · 2023Article
- Molecular characteristics of the full-length genome of occult hepatitis B virus from blood donors in China.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- 5' preS1 Mutations To Prevent Large Envelope Protein Expression from Hepatitis B Virus Genotype A or Genotype D Markedly Increase Polymerase-Envelope Fusion Protein.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Serum hepatitis B virus large and medium surface proteins as novel tools for predicting HBsAg clearance.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Hepatitis B virus middle surface antigen loss promotes clinical variant persistence in mouse models.Virulence · 2021Article
- Lost Small Envelope Protein Expression from Naturally Occurring PreS1 Deletion Mutants of Hepatitis B Virus Is Often Accompanied by Increased HBx and Core Protein Expression as Well as Genome Replication.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Article
- E2 Site Mutations in S Protein Strongly Affect Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Detection in the Occult Hepatitis B Virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Tracing the evolutionary history of hepadnaviruses in terms of e antigen and middle envelope protein expression or processing.Virus research · 2020Review
- SERINC5 Inhibits the Secretion of Complete and Genome-Free Hepatitis B Virions Through Interfering With the Glycosylation of the HBV Envelope.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Small Interfering RNA Screening for the Small GTPase Rab Proteins Identifies Rab5B as a Major Regulator of Hepatitis B Virus Production.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- A substitution in the pre-S1 promoter region is associated with the viral regulation of hepatitis B virus.Virology journal · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) contains three coterminal envelope proteins on the virion surface: large (L), middle (M), and small (S). The M and S proteins are also secreted as empty "subviral particles," which exceed virions by at least 1,000-fold. The S protein serves as the morphogenic factor for both types of particles, while the L protein is required only for virion formation. We found that cotransfecting replication constructs with a small dose of the expression construct for the missing L, M, and S proteins reconstituted efficient virion secretion but only 5 to 10% of subviral particles. The L protein inhibited secretion of subviral particles in a dose-dependent manner, whereas a too-high or too-low L/S protein ratio inhibited virion secretion. Consistent with the results of cotransfection experiments, a point mutation at the -3 position of the S gene AUG codon reduced HBsAg secretion by 60 to 70% but maintained efficient virion secretion. Surprisingly, ablating M protein expression reduced virion secretion but markedly increased the maturity of virion-associated genomes, which could be reversed by providing in trans both L and M proteins but not just M protein. M protein stability was dependent on the coexpression of S protein. Our findings suggest that efficient HBV virion secretion could be maintained despite drastic reduction in subviral particle production, which supports the recent demonstration of separate secretion pathways adopted by the two types of particles. The M protein appears to facilitate core particle envelopment, thus shortening the window of plus strand DNA elongation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.