ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
The inhomogeneous structure of water at ambient conditions.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.
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93 citing papers in PubMed, 599 citations in OpenAlex.
- Computational Methods for Molecular Dynamics of Supercooled Water Between 200 and 273 K.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Unravelling Water Anomalies Using a Percolation Approach.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Understanding the density maximum of water with machine-learned potentials.Science advances · 2026Article
- From Upconversion Nanoparticles to Proteins: Probing Hydration-Water Density Fluctuations by Luminescence Thermometry.Accounts of chemical research · 2026Article
- Low-entropy supramolecular crystals elucidating the inhomogeneity of interfacial water molecules at atomic resolution.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Anomalous Water Fluorescence Induced by Solutes.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2025Article
- Dichotomous behavior of water in binary mixtures with a turning point between 40 and 60 °C.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Structural Fluctuations at Nanoscale and Cooperative Molecular Dynamics in Bulk Water.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2025Article
- Microheterogeneity in Liquid Water Associated with Hydrogen-Bond Cooperativity-IR Spectroscopic and MD Simulation Study of Temperature Effect.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Supercritical density fluctuations and structural heterogeneity in supercooled water-glycerol microdroplets.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Dynamic anti-correlations of water hydrogen bonds.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Generating interstitial water within the persisting tetrahedral H-bond network explains density increase upon compressing liquid water.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Capillarity in Interfacial Liquids and Marbles: Mechanisms, Properties, and Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- What Is the "Hydrogen Bond"? A QFT-QED Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Deciphering Density Fluctuations in the Hydration Water of Brownian Nanoparticles via Upconversion Thermometry.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2024Article
- Hydrogen-Bonded Structures of Water Molecules in Hydroxy-Functionalized Nanochannels of Columnar Liquid Crystalline Nanostructured Membranes Studied by Soft X-ray Emission Spectroscopy.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2024Article
- The heterogeneity of aqueous solutions: the current situation in the context of experiment and theory.Frontiers in chemistry · 2024Review
- Review
- Chilling alcohol on the computer: isothermal compressibility and the formation of hydrogen-bond clusters in liquid propan-1-ol.The European physical journal. E, Soft matter · 2023Article
- Quantum Electrodynamics Coherence and Hormesis: Foundations of Quantum Biology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is used to demonstrate the presence of density fluctuations in ambient water on a physical length-scale of approximately 1 nm; this is retained with decreasing temperature while the magnitude is enhanced. In contrast, the magnitude of fluctuations in a normal liquid, such as CCl(4), exhibits no enhancement with decreasing temperature, as is also the case for water from molecular dynamics simulations under ambient conditions. Based on X-ray emission spectroscopy and X-ray Raman scattering data we propose that the density difference contrast in SAXS is due to fluctuations between tetrahedral-like and hydrogen-bond distorted structures related to, respectively, low and high density water. We combine our experimental observations to propose a model of water as a temperature-dependent, fluctuating equilibrium between the two types of local structures driven by incommensurate requirements for minimizing enthalpy (strong near-tetrahedral hydrogen-bonds) and maximizing entropy (nondirectional H-bonds and disorder). The present results provide experimental evidence that the extreme differences anticipated in the hydrogen-bonding environment in the deeply supercooled regime surprisingly remain in bulk water even at conditions ranging from ambient up to close to the boiling point.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.