ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Tolerance and M2 (alternative) macrophage polarization are related processes orchestrated by p50 nuclear factor kappaB.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 363 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
363 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 604 citations in OpenAlex.
- Compartmental Cerebrospinal Fluid Events Occurring after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An "Heparin Oriented" Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Mismatch between circulating cytokines and spontaneous cytokine production by leukocytes in hyperinflammatory COVID-19.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2021Trial
- Engineering IL-4 resistant proinflammatory human myeloid cells for cancer immunotherapy.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- Polyphosphate-crosslinked hydrogels: structural design and bioactivity for tissue engineering scaffolds.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Identification of disulfidptosis-related molecular subtypes in pleural mesothelioma demonstrates a correlation with the immune infiltration, prognosis and therapy efficacy.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- RANKL inhibits macrophage proinflammatory Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and impairs killing of intracellular bacteria.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- The Secretome Derived From Serum-Free Media of SHED-MSCs Can Modulate THP-1-Derived Macrophage Cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- [Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Review
- CD36 as a potential prognostic biomarker and modulator of the tumor microenvironment in glioma.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Natural therapeutics and traditional formulas targeting macrophage polarization in the fibrotic niche of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Macrophage plasticity in thyroid eye disease: dual effects of inflammation and fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Antibody-opsonized extracellular traps modulate macrophage responses and attenuate their T cell-associated inflammatory and costimulatory characteristics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Prolonged Wnt3a exposure tolerizes macrophages to inflammatory stimuli.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Radiation therapy causes a STING and MyD88-independent upregulation of CD80 and CD86 in macrophages and monocytes that limits tumor control.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Downregulated Smad3 signaling impairs the maturation of MO-MDSC in colorectal cancer.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- hsa_circ_0001818 regulates the function of macrophages in sepsis by inhibiting miR-17-3p, miR-433-3p, and miR-642a-5p.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Metformin protects against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian fibrosis by MIF/CD74-mediated macrophage polarization.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Myeloid metabolism and its role in immunotherapy of cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Aspirin's effect on macrophages beyond its chemopreventive role in inflammation and cancer.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
303 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage play a central role in the orchestration and resolution of inflammation. Plasticity is a hallmark of mononuclear phagocytes, and in response to environmental signals these cells undergo different forms of polarized activation, the extremes of which are called classic or M1 and alternative or M2. NF-kappaB is a key regulator of inflammation and resolution, and its activation is subject to multiple levels of regulation, including inhibitory, which finely tune macrophage functions. Here we identify the p50 subunit of NF-kappaB as a key regulator of M2-driven inflammatory reactions in vitro and in vivo. p50 NF-kappaB inhibits NF-kappaB-driven, M1-polarizing, IFN-beta production. Accordingly, p50-deficient mice show exacerbated M1-driven inflammation and defective capacity to mount allergy and helminth-driven M2-polarized inflammatory reactions. Thus, NF-kappaB p50 is a key component in the orchestration of M2-driven inflammatory reactions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.