ReviewJournal of cardiovascular pharmacology2009
Cocoa, chocolate, and cardiovascular disease.
Review in Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Dietary and nutrition interventions for the therapeutic treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis: a systematic review.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2017Pooled it
- Gender difference in the effects of cacao polyphenols on blood pressure and glucose/lipid metabolism in prediabetic subjects: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2019Trial
- Inorganic nitrate ingestion improves vascular compliance but does not alter flow-mediated dilatation in healthy volunteers.Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry · 2012Trial
- Cardiovascular Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Cacao: A Comprehensive Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Polyphenolic Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Direct Determination of Flavanone Isomers in Citrus Juice by Paper Spray Tandem Mass Spectrometry.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Updated Perspectives on Lifestyle Interventions as Secondary Stroke Prevention Measures: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- A machine learning approach to personalized predictors of dyslipidemia: a cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Do treats facilitate the interpretation of findings on caloric restriction?BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2023Article
- Alleviation of Cadmium Chloride-Induced Acute Genotoxicity, Mitochondrial DNA Disruption, and ROS Generation by Chocolate Coadministration in Mice Liver and Kidney Tissues.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Effect of Cocoa Beverage and Dark Chocolate Consumption on Blood Pressure in Those with Normal and Elevated Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Protective Effect of Cocoa Bean Shell against Intestinal Damage: An Example of Byproduct Valorization.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Flavanol-Rich Cacao Mucilage Juice Enhances Recovery of Power but Not Strength from Intensive Exercise in Healthy, Young Men.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- (-)-Epicatechin induced reversal of endothelial cell aging and improved vascular function: underlying mechanisms.Food & function · 2018Article
- The Cardiovascular Effects of Cocoa Polyphenols-An Overview.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- (-)-Epicatechin improves insulin sensitivity in high fat diet-fed mice.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2016Article
- Macro- and Microelemental Composition and Toxicity of Unsweetened Natural Cocoa Powder in Sprague-Dawley Rats.Journal of toxicology · 2016Article
- Article
- The acute and sub-chronic effects of cocoa flavanols on mood, cognitive and cardiovascular health in young healthy adults: a randomized, controlled trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2015Article
- Molecular mechanisms by which white tea prevents oxidative stress.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A significant body of evidence demonstrates that diets rich in fruits and vegetables promote health and attenuate, or delay, the onset of various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, certain cancers, and several other age-related degenerative disorders. The concept that moderate chocolate consumption could be part of a healthy diet has gained acceptance in past years based on the health benefits ascribed to selected cocoa components. Specifically, cocoa as a plant and chocolate as food contain a series of chemicals that can interact with cell and tissue components, providing protection against the development and amelioration of pathological conditions. The most relevant effects of cocoa and chocolate have been related to cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms behind these effects are still under investigation. However, the maintenance or restoration of vascular NO production and bioavailability and the antioxidant effects are the mechanisms most consistently supported by experimental data. This review will summarize the most recent research on the cardiovascular effects of cocoa flavanols and related compounds.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.