ArticleBMC infectious diseases2009
HLA-DR and HLA-DQ alleles in patients from the south of Brazil: markers for leprosy susceptibility and resistance.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- A large-scale genome-wide association and meta-analysis identified four novel susceptibility loci for leprosy.Nature communications · 2016Pooled it
- Human Genetic Susceptibility of Leprosy Recurrence.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Disease-specific alterations in the expression of circulating extracellular vesicle surface proteins in sepsis, hypertension and hypertensive sepsis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Ancient DNA study provides clues to leprosy susceptibility in medieval Europe.Genome biology · 2026Article
- A novel spatial framework to validate arsenic exposure gene expression profiling in bladder cancer using multiplex FISH and AI-powered digital pathology.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Psoriasis and Leprosy: An Arcane Relationship.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- CD4+ Cytotoxic T Cells Involved in the Development of EBV-Associated Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Gene Expression Profile ofFrontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Transcriptional changes that characterize the immune reactions of leprosy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Human leukocyte antigen class I and class II alleles are associated with susceptibility and resistance in borderline leprosy patients from Southeast Brazil.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Decreased expression of HLA-DQ and HLA-DR on cells of the monocytic lineage in cystic fibrosis.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2014Article
- Association of genetic polymorphism of HLA-DRB1 antigens with the susceptibility to lepromatous leprosy.Biomedical reports · 2013Article
- Role of HLA, KIR, MICA, and cytokines genes in leprosy.BioMed research international · 2013Review
- Evaluation of various cytokines elicited during antigen-specific recall as potential risk indicators for the differential development of leprosy.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2012Article
- Association between NDO-LID and PGL-1 for leprosy and class I and II human leukocyte antigen alleles in an indigenous community in Southwest Amazon.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany epidemiological studies have shown that the genetic factors of the host play a role in the variability of clinical response to infection caused by M. leprae. With the purpose of identifying genes of susceptibility, the present study investigated the possible role of HLA-DRB1 and DQA1/DQB1 alleles in susceptibility to leprosy, and whether they account for the heterogeneity in immune responses observed following infection in a Southern Brazilian population.
methodsOne hundred and sixty-nine leprosy patients and 217 healthy controls were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction amplification and reverse hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes and sequence-specific primers (One Lambda, CA, USA).
resultsThere was a positive association of HLA-DRB1*16 (*1601 and *1602) with leprosy per se (7.3% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.01, OR = 2.52, CI = 1.26-5.01), in accord with previous serological studies, which showed DR2 as a marker of leprosy. Although, HLA-DQA1*05 frequency (29.8% vs. 20.9%, P = 0.0424, OR = 1.61, CI = 1.09-2.39) was higher in patients, and HLA-DQA1*02 (3.0% vs. 7.5%, P = 0.0392, OR = 0.39, CI = 0.16 - 0.95) and HLA-DQA1*04 (4.0% vs. 9.1%, P = 0.0314, OR = 0.42, CI = 0.19 - 0.93) frequencies lower, P-values were not significant after the Bonferroni's correction. Furthermore, HLA-DRB1*1601 (9.0% vs. 1.8%; P = 0.0016; OR = 5.81; CI = 2.05-16.46) was associated with susceptibility to borderline leprosy compared to control group, and while HLA-DRB1*08 (11.2% vs. 1.2%; P = 0.0037; OR = 12.00; CI = 1.51 - 95.12) was associated with susceptibility to lepromatous leprosy, when compared to tuberculoid leprosy, DRB1*04 was associated to protection.
conclusionThese data confirm the positive association of HLA-DR2 (DRB1*16) with leprosy per se, and the protector effect of DRB1*04 against lepromatous leprosy in Brazilian patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.