ArticlePLoS pathogens2009
Draft genome sequencing of giardia intestinalis assemblage B isolate GS: is human giardiasis caused by two different species?
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 136 papers.
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Who cites it
136 citing papers in PubMed, 312 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Genotype-Specific Small EVs Released by Giardia lamblia Act as Mediators of Phenotypic Adaptation Under Metronidazole-Induced Stress.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- A chromosome-scale genome assembly of Giardia duodenalis by long-read sequencing of ten trophozoites.Scientific data · 2025Article
- 2024 taxonomic update for the families Naryaviridae, Nenyaviridae, and Vilyaviridae.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- Insights into Peptidyl-ProlylPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Mucosal vaccination in a murine gnotobiotic model ofInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Harnessing the power of new genetic tools to illuminate Giardia biology and pathogenesis.Genetics · 2024Review
- Genomic survey maps differences in the molecular complement of vesicle formation machinery between Giardia intestinalis assemblages.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Highly contiguous genomes of human clinical isolates ofMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- High Diversity ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Review
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- Application of Proteomics to the Study of the Therapeutics and Pathogenicity ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
- Variation in haplotypes in single cysts of assemblages C and D, but not of assemblage E of Giardia duodenalis.BMC microbiology · 2022Article
- Genotypic and Epidemiologic Profiles of Giardia duodenalis in Four Brazilian Biogeographic RegionsMicroorganisms · 2022Article
76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Giardia intestinalis is a major cause of diarrheal disease worldwide and two major Giardia genotypes, assemblages A and B, infect humans. The genome of assemblage A parasite WB was recently sequenced, and the structurally compact 11.7 Mbp genome contains simplified basic cellular machineries and metabolism. We here performed 454 sequencing to 16x coverage of the assemblage B isolate GS, the only Giardia isolate successfully used to experimentally infect animals and humans. The two genomes show 77% nucleotide and 78% amino-acid identity in protein coding regions. Comparative analysis identified 28 unique GS and 3 unique WB protein coding genes, and the variable surface protein (VSP) repertoires of the two isolates are completely different. The promoters of several enzymes involved in the synthesis of the cyst-wall lack binding sites for encystation-specific transcription factors in GS. Several synteny-breaks were detected and verified. The tetraploid GS genome shows higher levels of overall allelic sequence polymorphism (0.5 versus <0.01% in WB). The genomic differences between WB and GS may explain some of the observed biological and clinical differences between the two isolates, and it suggests that assemblage A and B Giardia can be two different species.
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