ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2009
CD4+ T cell help has an epitope-dependent impact on CD8+ T cell memory inflation during murine cytomegalovirus infection.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Memory Inflation Response Against Spread-Defective CMV Requires Priming-Independent CD4European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Recent thymic emigrants preferentially undergo memory inflation after persistent infection.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Heightened innate immune state induced by viral vector leads to enhanced response to challenge and prolongs malaria vaccine protection.iScience · 2024Article
- Memory inflation: Beyond the acute phase of viral infection.Cell proliferation · 2024Review
- CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells are required for protection against severe guinea pig cytomegalovirus infections.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Mucosal T-cell responses to chronic viral infections: Implications for vaccine design.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- The Role of CD4 T Cell Help in CD8 T Cell Differentiation and Function During Chronic Infection and Cancer.Immune network · 2023Review
- Latent CMV infection of Lymphatic endothelial cells is sufficient to drive CD8 T cell memory inflation.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Optimal CD8Immunology · 2021Article
- Hematopoietic cell-mediated dissemination of murine cytomegalovirus is regulated by NK cells and immune evasion.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- The CD4+ T Cell Response to Human Cytomegalovirus in Healthy and Immunocompromised People.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Fuel and brake of memory T cell inflation.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2019Review
- Caspase-8 restricts antiviral CD8 T cell hyperaccumulation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Early primed KLRG1- CMV-specific T cells determine the size of the inflationary T cell pool.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- IL-33 Augments Virus-Specific Memory T Cell Inflation and Potentiates the Efficacy of an Attenuated Cytomegalovirus-Based Vaccine.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Cytomegalovirus: Shape-Shifting the Immune System.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Review
- Induction and Maintenance of CX3CR1-Intermediate Peripheral Memory CD8Cell reports · 2018Article
- Memory Inflation Drives Tissue-Resident Memory CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Novel viral vectors in infectious diseases.Immunology · 2018Review
- Intratumoral infection by CMV may change the tumor environment by directly interacting with tumor-associated macrophages to promote cancer immunity.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Murine CMV (MCMV) establishes a systemic, low-level persistent infection resulting in the accumulation of CD8(+) T cells specific for a subset of viral epitopes, a process called memory inflation. Although replicating virus is rarely detected in chronically infected C57BL/6 mice, these inflationary cells display a phenotype suggestive of repeated Ag stimulation, and they remain functional. CD4(+) T cells have been implicated in maintaining the function and/or number of CD8(+) T cells in other chronic infections. Moreover, CD4(+) T cells are essential for complete control of MCMV. Thus, we wondered whether CD4(+) T cell deficiency would result in impaired MCMV-specific CD8(+) T cell responses. Here we show that CD4(+) T cell deficiency had an epitope-specific impact on CD8(+) T cell memory inflation. Of the three codominant T cell responses during chronic infection, only accumulation of the late-appearing IE3-specific CD8(+) T cells was substantially impaired in CD4(+) T cell-deficient mice. Moreover, the increased viral activity did not drive increased CD8(+) T cell division or substantial dysfunction in any MCMV-specific population that we studied. These data show that CD4(+) T cell help is needed for inflation of a response that develops only during chronic infection but is otherwise dispensable for the steady state maintenance and function of MCMV-specific CD8(+) T cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.