ArticleInfection and immunity2009
Streptolysin S inhibits neutrophil recruitment during the early stages of Streptococcus pyogenes infection.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interactions betweenInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- <italic>Streptococcus pyogenes</italic> Infection and CD4Journal of innate immunity · 2026Article
- Analysis ofmBio · 2025Article
- Identifying genetic variations ineLife · 2025Article
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- Streptolysin S is required for Streptococcus pyogenes nasopharyngeal and skin infection in HLA-transgenic mice.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Detoxification of reactive oxygen species by the hyaluronic acid capsule of group AInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- Neutrophils in Inflammatory Diseases: Unraveling the Impact of Their Derived Molecules and Heterogeneity.Cells · 2023Review
- Streptolysin S induces pronounced calcium-ion influx-dependent expression of immediate early genes encoding transcription factors.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Automated, high-throughput quantification of EGFP-expressing neutrophils in zebrafish by machine learning and a highly-parallelized microscope.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Central carbon flux controls growth/damage balance for Streptococcus pyogenes.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Streptococcal peptides and their roles in host-microbe interactions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Listeria motility increases the efficiency of epithelial invasion during intestinal infection.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- CelltrackR: An R package for fast and flexible analysis of immune cell migration data.Immunoinformatics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Intracellular Group AmBio · 2021Article
- Interaction of Macrophages and Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins: The Impact on Immune Response and Cellular Survival.Toxins · 2020Review
- Review
- β-HemolyticJournal of oral microbiology · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In contrast to infection of superficial tissues, Streptococcus pyogenes infection of deeper tissue can be associated with a significantly diminished inflammatory response, suggesting that this bacterium has the ability to both promote and suppress inflammation. To examine this, we analyzed the behavior of an S. pyogenes mutant deficient in expression of the cytolytic toxin streptolysin S (SLS-) and evaluated events that occur during the first few hours of infection by using several models including injection of zebrafish (adults, larvae, and embryos), a transepithelial polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) migration assay, and two-photon microscopy of mice in vivo. In contrast to wild-type S. pyogenes, the SLS- mutant was associated with the robust recruitment of neutrophils and significantly reduced lethal myositis in adult zebrafish. Similarly, the mutant was attenuated in embryos in its ability to cause lethality. Infection of larva muscle allowed an analysis of inflammation in real time, which revealed that the mutant had recruited PMNs to the infection site. Analysis of transepithelial migration in vitro suggested that SLS inhibited the host cells' production of signals chemotactic for neutrophils, which contrasted with the proinflammatory effect of an unrelated cytolytic toxin, streptolysin O. Using two-photon microscopy of mice in vivo, we showed that the extravasation of neutrophils during infection with SLS- mutant bacteria was significantly accelerated compared to infection with wild-type S. pyogenes. Taken together, these data support a role for SLS in the inhibition of neutrophil recruitment during the early stages of S. pyogenes infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.