ArticleInfection and immunity2009
Roles for NK cells and an NK cell-independent source of intestinal gamma interferon for innate immunity to Cryptosporidium parvum infection.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- m6A RNA methylation modulates IFN-γ-stimulated intestinal epithelial cell-intrinsic antiparasitic defense.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Long non-coding RNA U90926 modulates IFN-γ-stimulated gene transcription and cell-intrinsic anti-Infection and immunity · 2025Article
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- P23-Specific IgY Significantly Reduces Diarrhea and Oocyst Shedding in Calves Experimentally Infected withVaccines · 2025Article
- Dendritic cell-mediated responses to secreted Cryptosporidium effectors promote parasite-specific CD8Mucosal immunology · 2024Article
- Medical prospects of cryptosporidiosisVeterinary world · 2024Article
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- LncRNA Nostrill promotes interferon-γ-stimulated gene transcription and facilitates intestinal epithelial cell-intrinsic anti-Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Cryptosporidium uses CSpV1 to activate host type I interferon and attenuate antiparasitic defenses.Nature communications · 2023Article
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- C3a/C3aR Affects the Propagation ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- The Complexity of Interferon Signaling in Host Defense against Protozoan Parasite Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cytotoxic innate intraepithelial lymphocytes control early stages ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Early immune and host cell responses toFrontiers in parasitology · 2023Article
- Immunity to Cryptosporidium: Lessons from Acquired and Primary Immunodeficiencies.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- A genetic screen identifies a protective type III interferon response to Cryptosporidium that requires TLR3 dependent recognition.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Dual Transcriptomics To Determine Gamma Interferon-Independent Host Response to Intestinal Cryptosporidium parvum Infection.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Enterocyte-innate lymphoid cell crosstalk drives early IFN-γ-mediated control of Cryptosporidium.Mucosal immunology · 2022Article
- Intestinal immune responses to commensal and pathogenic protozoa.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-dependent innate immune response operates against the intestinal parasite Cryptosporidium parvum in T- and B-cell-deficient SCID mice. Although NK cells are a major source of IFN-gamma in innate immunity, their protective role against C. parvum has been unclear. The role of NK cells in innate immunity was investigated using Rag2-/- mice, which lack T and B cells, and Rag2-/- gammac-/- mice, which, in addition, lack NK cells. Adult mice of both knockout lines developed progressive chronic infections; however, on most days the level of oocyst excretion was higher in Rag2-/- gammac-/- mice and these animals developed morbidity and died, whereas within the same period the Rag2-/- mice appeared healthy. Neonatal mice of both mouse lines survived a rapid onset of infection that reached a higher intensity in Rag2-/- gammac-/- mice. Significantly, similar levels of intestinal IFN-gamma mRNA were expressed in Rag2-/- and Rag2-/- gammac-/- mice. Also, infections in each mouse line were exacerbated by treatment with anti-IFN-gamma neutralizing antibodies. These results support a protective role for NK cells and IFN-gamma in innate immunity against C. parvum. In addition, the study implies that an intestinal cell type other than NK cells may be an important source of IFN-gamma during infection and that NK cells may have an IFN-gamma-independent protective role.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.