ReviewThe Journal of physiology2009
The role of oestrogens in the adaptation of islets to insulin resistance.
Review in The Journal of physiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between bisphenol A exposure and type-2 diabetes: a world systematic review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2016Pooled it
- Comparative Study of the Rehabilitation Exercise 5R System and Aerobic Exercise on Postpartum Recovery: Impacts on Muscle Function and Metabolic Health.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Trial
- Molecular Genetics of β-Cell Compensation in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from CDKAL1, SLC30A8 and HHEX.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Increased TGF-β/Activin-Smad2 signaling is associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and glucose intolerance in gestational diabetes mellitus.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- GDM as a unique pathophysiological entity or a transitional pregnancy-induced glucose metabolism abnormality identifying primary diabetes types?Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Protective Metabolic Effects of Chickpea Sprout Against Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance and Hypoestrogenism in Rats.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Gestational Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals of Emerging Concern and the Risk of Developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Investigation of Sex-Specific and Trimester-Specific Associations.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Bioinformatics-based Identification of Ferroptosis-related Genes and their Diagnostic Value in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2024Article
- Association between napping and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Metformin in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: To Use or Not to Use, That Is the Question.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Assessment of glucose homeostasis in young adult female β-thalassemia major patients (β-TM) with acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (AHH) never treated with sex steroids compared to eugonadal β-TM patients with spontaneous menstrual cycles.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2023Article
- Maternal microbiota and gestational diabetes: impact on infant health.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Endocrine disruptors in plastics alter β-cell physiology and increase the risk of diabetes mellitus.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Glucose Homeostasis, Diabetes Mellitus, and Gender-Affirming Treatment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Association between sex steroid hormones and subsequent hyperglycemia during pregnancy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Metabolic alteration of circulating steroid hormones in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and the related risk factors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Pregnancy induces pancreatic insulin secretion in women with long-standing type 1 diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2022Article
- Article
- Beta-Cell Adaptation to Pregnancy - Role of Calcium Dynamics.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pregnancy is characterized by peripheral insulin resistance, which is developed in parallel with a plasma increase of maternal hormones; these include prolactin, placental lactogens, progesterone and oestradiol among others. Maternal insulin resistance is counteracted by the adaptation of the islets of Langerhans to the higher insulin demand. If this adjustment is not produced, gestational diabetes may be developed. The adaptation process of islets is characterized by an increase of insulin biosynthesis, an enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and an increase of beta-cell mass. It is not completely understood why, in some individuals, beta-cell mass and function fail to adapt to the metabolic demands of pregnancy, yet a disruption of the beta-cell response to maternal hormones may play a key part. The role of the maternal hormone 17beta-oestradiol (E2) in this adaptation process has been largely unknown. However, in recent years, it has been demonstrated that E2 acts directly on beta-cells to increase insulin biosynthesis and to enhance GSIS through different molecular mechanisms. E2 does not increase beta-cell proliferation but it is involved in beta-cell survival. Classical oestrogen receptors ERalpha and ERbeta, as well as the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor (GPER) seem to be involved in these adaptation changes. In addition, as the main production of E2 in post-menopausal women comes from the adipose tissue, E2 may act as a messenger between adipocytes and islets in obesity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.