ArticleMolecular biology reports2010
Butyrylcholinesterase K variant and the APOE-epsilon 4 allele work in synergy to increase the risk of coronary artery disease especially in diabetic patients.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dissecting the Association of Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphisms With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Apolipoprotein E Gene Variants and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2016Pooled it
- Association between Genetic Variants and Diabetes Mellitus in Iranian Populations: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.Journal of diabetes research · 2015Pooled it
- Cytochrome P450 2C19 polymorphism is associated with poor clinical outcomes in coronary artery disease patients treated with clopidogrel.Molecular biology reports · 2011Pooled it
- Butyrylcholinesterase as a potential biomarker of metabolic imbalances in Afro-descendant populations.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 and cardiovascular diseases: from a general perspective to an HIV infection context.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Coronary Heart Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Genetic Factors and Their Mechanisms, Gene-Gene, and Gene-Environment Interactions in the Asian Populations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- The Associations between Apolipoprotein E Gene Epsilon2/Epsilon3/Epsilon4 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Frontiers in physiology · 2017Article
- New Insights into Butyrylcholinesterase Activity Assay: Serum Dilution Factor as a Crucial Parameter.PloS one · 2015Article
- Association between leptin gene G-2548A polymorphism with metabolic syndrome.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2013Article
- Butyrylcholinesterase genetic variants: association with cocaine dependence and related phenotypes.PloS one · 2013Article
- Synergism between paraoxonase Arg 192 and the angiotensin converting enzyme D allele is associated with severity of coronary artery disease.Molecular biology reports · 2012Article
- Matrix metalloproteinase-9 functional promoter polymorphism 1562C>T increased risk of early-onset coronary artery disease.Molecular biology reports · 2012Article
- Paraoxonase Arg 192 allele is an independent risk factor for three-vessel stenosis of coronary artery disease.Molecular biology reports · 2011Article
- Apolipoprotein A5-1131T>C polymorphism, but not APOE genotypes, increases susceptibility for dyslipidemia in children and adolescents.Molecular biology reports · 2011Article
- Interaction of eNOS polymorphism with MTHFR variants increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy and its progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2011Article
- Association between apolipoprotein ε4 allele, factor V Leiden, and plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels with sickle cell disease in Southern Iran.Molecular biology reports · 2011Article
- ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE activity in Iranians type II diabetic patients with macroalbuminuria.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2011Article
- Contribution of SELP and PSGL-1 genotypes and haplotypes to the presence of coronary heart disease in Tunisians.Molecular biology reports · 2011Article
- Does the geographical gradient of ApoE4 allele exist in China? A systemic comparison among multiple Chinese populations.Molecular biology reports · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have previously shown that butyrylcholinesterase-K (BCHE-K, G1615A/Ala539Thr) variant increases the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). In addition, we have found that the presence of APOE-epsilon 4 allele augments the risk of CAD in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM/CAD). Here we explored the concomitant presences of two alleles of the BCHE-K and APOE-epsilon 4 in increasing the risk of CAD or diabetes in T2DM patients with or without CAD and CAD patients without T2DM. This case-control study comprised 631 subjects undergoing their first coronary angiography. They were matched and randomly assigned into four groups: type II diabetic patients with no sign of CAD (T2DM), type II diabetic patients with CAD/ND (T2DM/CAD), CAD patients with no sign of diabetes (CAD/ND), and healthy individuals (NCAD/ND). BCHE-K variant and APOE genotypes were detected by PCR-RFLP and serum lipid level was measured enzymatically. We found that BCHE-K and APOE-epsilon 4 allele act synergistically to increase the risk of CAD in both T2DM, non-diabetic and total CAD (TCAD = T2DM/CAD + CAD/ND) individuals. The level of synergy 1.5 and 1.2 fold are higher in CAD patients (OR = 4.5; P = 0.011) with T2DM than the non-diabetic CAD patients (OR = 3.07; P = 0.024) and TCAD patients (OR = 3.74; P = 0.018), respectively. The CAD subjects with and without T2DM and TCAD patients carrying both APOE-epsilon 4 allele and BCHE-K had significantly lower plasma HDL-C (P values = 0.008, 0.047, and 0.036, respectively) and higher plasma LDL-C (P values = 0.025, 0.048, and 0.04, respectively), than that of the control carriers both APOE-epsilon 4 and BCHE-K. We have found that BCHE-K and APOE-epsilon 4 allele not only act synergistically to increase the risk of CAD, particularly in T2DM subjects in population from western Iran, who have high levels of LDL-C and low levels of HDL-C, suggesting that a specific therapeutic intervention should be considered for these particular groups of patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.