ArticleNature2009
Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance.
Article in Nature, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,368 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pharmacogenomics Study on IL28B Genetic Variants in Italian Patients With HCV Chronic Infection naïve to Antiviral Treatment.
An Unicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Pilot Study Comparing the Effect of Everolimus-containing Versus mTOR Inhibitor Free Immunosuppression in the Evolution of Hepatitis C Fibrosis After Liver Transplantation.
Phase 2a Study of Boceprevir for the Treatment of Genotype 6 Hepatitis C
Impact of Interleukin 28B (rs12979860) Genotype on Virological Responses in Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment
Who cites it
1,368 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 3,514 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative bioinformatics frameworks for abdominal aortic aneurysm using GWAS meta-analysis, biological network construction, and structural modeling.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Response to antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence in Japan: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Multi-Ancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Spontaneous Clearance of Hepatitis C Virus.Gastroenterology · 2019Pooled it
- Direct-Acting Antivirals Quickly Eradicate Hepatitis C Virus From the Liver in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus but Do Not Fully Reverse Immune Activation.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Treatment options to support the elimination of hepatitis C: an open-label, factorial, randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Peginterferon lambda for the treatment of outpatients with COVID-19: a phase 2, placebo-controlled randomised trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2021Trial
- Germline genetic factors influence the outcome of interferon-α therapy in polycythemia vera.Blood · 2021Trial
- Association of IFNλ4 rs12979860 polymorphism with the acquisition of HCV and HIV infections among people who inject drugs.Journal of medical virology · 2018Trial
- Role ofResearch square · 2026Article
- Immunological Determinants of Oncogenic Virus-Driven Cancers in Africa: Mechanisms, Co-Infections and Public Health Challenges.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pharmacogenomics of antibacterial and antiviral therapies: Clinical actionability, evidence gaps, and future directions.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Lineage-specific chromatin poising enforced by ETS-IRF composite elements determines the divergent interferon responses of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and epithelial cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HCV-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms, Persistent Cancer Risk, and Future Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Microbiota-dependent interferon-λ controls immunity of the uterus and maternal-fetal interface.Research square · 2026Article
- Article
- Microbiota-dependent IFN-L controls uterine and placental immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Highly replicating hepatitis C virus variants emerge in immunosuppressed patients causing severe disease.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Pharmacological Treatment for Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma.Current oncology reports · 2025Review
- Paradoxical association between steatotic liver disease and favorable hepatic outcomes in HCV patients with SVRs.Hepatology international · 2025Article
- Seasonal variation in respiratory syncytial virus-specific IgG concentrations in Northern Plains American Indian children with asthma.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Article
1,308 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects 170 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of cirrhosis in North America. Although the recommended treatment for chronic infection involves a 48-week course of peginterferon-alpha-2b (PegIFN-alpha-2b) or -alpha-2a (PegIFN-alpha-2a) combined with ribavirin (RBV), it is well known that many patients will not be cured by treatment, and that patients of European ancestry have a significantly higher probability of being cured than patients of African ancestry. In addition to limited efficacy, treatment is often poorly tolerated because of side effects that prevent some patients from completing therapy. For these reasons, identification of the determinants of response to treatment is a high priority. Here we report that a genetic polymorphism near the IL28B gene, encoding interferon-lambda-3 (IFN-lambda-3), is associated with an approximately twofold change in response to treatment, both among patients of European ancestry (P = 1.06 x 10(-25)) and African-Americans (P = 2.06 x 10(-3)). Because the genotype leading to better response is in substantially greater frequency in European than African populations, this genetic polymorphism also explains approximately half of the difference in response rates between African-Americans and patients of European ancestry.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.