ArticleJournal of oncology2009
Immunotherapy of head and neck cancer: current and future considerations.
Article in Journal of oncology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00210470 (A Phase 2, Open-label Trial of the Safety and Biological Effect of Subcutaneous IRX-2), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 2, Open-label Trial of the Safety and Biological Effect of Subcutaneous IRX-2 (With Cyclophosphamide, Indomethacin, and Zinc) in Patients With Resectable Cancer of the Head and Neck
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Adjuvant Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Phase III Trials.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2026Pooled it
- Novel neoadjuvant immunotherapy regimen safety and survival in head and neck squamous cell cancer.Head & neck · 2011Trial
- Correlation of cellular immunity with human papillomavirus 16 status and outcome in patients with advanced oropharyngeal cancer.Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery · 2010Trial
- Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in Oral Cancer: Epigenetic, Mitochondrial and Immunotherapy Approaches.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Localized intratumoral delivery of immunomodulators for oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders.Oral oncology · 2024Review
- Review
- Biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: unraveling the path to precision immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Enhancement of Immunotherapies in Head and Neck Cancers Using Biomaterial-Based Treatment Strategies.Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2023Review
- Real-Time Monitoring of the Cytotoxic and Antimetastatic Properties of Cannabidiol in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Using Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The interplay of cytokine signaling and non-coding RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma pathobiology.Molecular biology reports · 2022Review
- Development of DNA polymer films as a drug delivery system for the treatment of oral cancer.Drug delivery and translational research · 2020Article
- Controlled Drug Delivery Systems for Oral Cancer Treatment-Current Status and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2019Review
- Therapeutic vaccines for high-risk HPV-associated diseases.Papillomavirus research (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2018Review
- PPARγ targeted oral cancer treatment and additional utility of genomics analytic techniques.The Laryngoscope · 2017Article
- Extracellular 2'5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 mediates T-cell receptor CD3-ζ chain down-regulation via caspase-3 activation in oral cancer.Immunology · 2016Article
- The impact of low-dose carcinogens and environmental disruptors on tissue invasion and metastasis.Carcinogenesis · 2015Review
- Functions of MiRNA-128 on the regulation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma growth and apoptosis.PloS one · 2015Article
- Oral epithelial stem cells - implications in normal development and cancer metastasis.Experimental cell research · 2014Review
- Plasma tumor necrosis factor-α and C-reactive protein as biomarker for survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2014Article
- The immune system and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: from carcinogenesis to new therapeutic opportunities.Immunologic research · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are at considerable risk for death, with 5-year relative survival rates of approximately 60%. The profound multifaceted deficiencies in cell-mediated immunity that persist in most patients after treatment may be related to the high rates of treatment failure and second primary malignancies. Radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy commonly have severe acute and long-term side effects on immune responses. The development of immunotherapies reflects growing awareness that certain immune system deficiencies specific to HNSCC and some other cancers may contribute to the poor long-term outcomes. Systemic cell-mediated immunotherapy is intended to activate the entire immune system and mount a systemic and/or locoregional antitumor response. The delivery of cytokines, either by single cytokines, for example, interleukin-2, interleukin-12, interferon-gamma, interferon-alpha, or by a biologic mix of multiple cytokines, such as IRX-2, may result in tumor rejection and durable immune responses. Targeted immunotherapy makes use of monoclonal antibodies or vaccines. All immunotherapies for HNSCC except cetuximab remain investigational, but a number of agents whose efficacy and tolerability are promising have entered phase 2 or phase 3 development.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.