Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2009
Activation and coagulation biomarkers are independent predictors of the development of opportunistic disease in patients with HIV infection.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects and safety of Chinese herbal medicine on inflammatory biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical utility of biomarkers of endothelial activation and coagulation for prognosis in HIV infection: a systematic review.Virulence · 2013Pooled it
- Incomplete ART adherence is associated with higher inflammation in individuals who achieved virologic suppression in the START study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Probiotics Reduce Inflammation in Antiretroviral Treated, HIV-Infected Individuals: Results of the "Probio-HIV" Clinical Trial.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Inflammatory, procoagulant markers and HIV residual viremia in patients receiving protease inhibitor monotherapy or triple drug therapy: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Trial
- T cell subsets in HIV infected patients after successful combination antiretroviral therapy: impact on survival after 12 years.PloS one · 2012Trial
- An exploratory trial of cyclooxygenase type 2 inhibitor in HIV-1 infection: downregulated immune activation and improved T cell-dependent vaccine responses.Journal of virology · 2011Trial
- Higher levels of CRP, D-dimer, IL-6, and hyaluronic acid before initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with increased risk of AIDS or death.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Resumption of HIV replication is associated with monocyte/macrophage derived cytokine and chemokine changes: results from a large international clinical trial.AIDS (London, England) · 2011Trial
- High dose atorvastatin decreases cellular markers of immune activation without affecting HIV-1 RNA levels: results of a double-blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Plasma levels of soluble CD14 independently predict mortality in HIV infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Haemoglobin and anaemia in the SMART study.Antiviral therapy · 2011Trial
- Trial
- DNA methylation signatures of inflammation in youth living with perinatally-acquired HIV.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Beyond Viral Assembly: The Emerging Role of HIV-1 p17 in Vascular Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Intestinal Microbiota and Aging in People with HIV-What We Know and What We Don't.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Translocating bacteria in SIV infection are not stochastic and preferentially express cytosine methyltransferases.Mucosal immunology · 2024Article
- Distinct intestinal microbial signatures linked to accelerated systemic and intestinal biological aging.Microbiome · 2024Article
- Pro-inflammatory feedback loops define immune responses to pathogenic Lentivirus infection.Genome medicine · 2024Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundActivation and coagulation biomarkers were measured within the Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy (SMART) trial. Their associations with opportunistic disease (OD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients were examined.
methodsInflammatory (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], amyloid-A, and amyloid-P) and coagulation (D-dimer and prothrombin-fragment 1+2) markers were determined. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between these biomarkers and risk of OD.
resultsThe 91 patients who developed an OD were matched to 182 control subjects. Patients with an hsCRP level > or =5 microg/mL at baseline had a 3.5 higher odds of OD (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-8.1) than did those with an hsCRP level <1 microg/mL (P=.003, by test for trend) and patients with an IL-6 level > or =3 pg/mL at baseline had a 2.4 higher odds of OD (95% CI, 1.0-5.4) than did those with an IL-6 level <1.5 pg/mL (P=.02, by test for trend). No other baseline biomarkers predicted development of an OD. Latest follow-up hsCRP level for those with an hsCRP level > or =5 microg/mL (compared with a level <1 microg/mL; odds ratio [OR], 7.6; 95% CI, 2.0-28.5; [P=.002, by test for trend), latest amyloid-A level for those with an amyloid-A level > or =6 mg/L (compared with a level <2 mg/L; OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.1-13.4; P=.03, by test for trend), and latest IL-6 level for those with an IL-6 level > or =3 pg/mL (compared with a level <1.5 pg/mL; OR 2.4; 95% CI, 0.7-8.8; P=.04, by test for trend) were also associated with development of an OD.
conclusionsHigher IL-6 and hsCRP levels independently predicted development of OD. These biomarkers could provide additional prognostic information for predicting the risk of OD.
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