ReviewThe journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings2009
Regulation of skin pigmentation and thickness by Dickkopf 1 (DKK1).
Review in The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- The first clinical experience on efficacy of topical flutamide on melasma compared with topical hydroquinone: a randomized clinical trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2015Trial
- Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of theBiology · 2026Article
- Identification and validation of prognostic genes related to centrosome amplification in multiple myeloma.PeerJ · 2026Article
- Usefulness of DKK1 in Estimating Vasculitis Activity and End-Stage Kidney Disease in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis Patients.Yonsei medical journal · 2026Article
- Small Peptide Derived from SFRP5 Suppresses Melanogenesis by Inhibiting Wnt Activity.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Involvement of DKK1 secreted from adipose-derived stem cells in alopecia areata.Cell proliferation · 2024Article
- Review
- Pathogenic Th2 Cytokine Profile Skewing by IFN-γ-Responding Vitiligo Fibroblasts via CCL2/CCL8.Cells · 2023Article
- Identification and characterization of non-coding RNA networks in infected macrophages revealing the pathogenesis of F. nucleatum-associated diseases.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Skin cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a promising therapeutic strategy for cutaneous injury.Burns & trauma · 2022Review
- Detachable dissolvable microneedles: intra-epidermal and intradermal diffusion, effect on skin surface, and application in hyperpigmentation treatment.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Role of Amine Neurotransmitters and Their Receptors in Skin Pigmentation: Therapeutic Implication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Effects of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Media Produced with Fetal Bovine Serum or Human Platelet Lysate on Skin Rejuvenation Characteristics.International journal of stem cells · 2021Article
- Review
- RNA-seq Reveals Dysregulation of Novel Melanocyte Genes upon Oxidative Stress: Implications in Vitiligo Pathogenesis.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2019Article
- Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Silencing Stem Cell Factor Gene in Fibroblasts to Regulate Paracrine Factor Productions and Enhance c-Kit Expression in Melanocytes on Melanogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- The association between skin auto-fluorescence of palmoplantar sites and microvascular complications in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Estrogen modulates mesenchyme-epidermis interactions in the adult nipple.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2017Article
- Skin Pigmentation and Pigmentary Disorders: Focus on Epidermal/Dermal Cross-Talk.Annals of dermatology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Dickkopf 1 (DKK1), an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, not only functions as a head inducer during development, but also regulates joint remodeling and bone formation, which suggests roles for DKK1 in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and multiple myeloma. We recently demonstrated that levels of DKK1 in palmoplantar dermal fibroblasts are physiologically higher than those observed in non-palmoplantar dermal fibroblasts. Thus, the DKK1-rich mesenchyme in palmoplantar dermis affects the overlying epithelium and induces a palmoplantar phenotype in the epidermis. More specifically, DKK1 suppresses melanocyte function and growth through the regulation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and beta-catenin. Furthermore, DKK1 induces the expression of keratin 9 and alpha-Kelch-like ECT2-interacting protein (alphaKLEIP) but downregulates the expression of beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, protein kinase C, and proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) in keratinocytes. Treatment of reconstructed skin with DKK1 reproduces the hypopigmentation and thickening of skin through Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. These studies elucidate why human palmoplantar skin is thicker and paler than non-palmoplantar skin through the secretion of DKK1 by fibroblasts that affect the overlying epidermis. Thus, DKK1 may be useful for reducing skin pigmentation and for thickening photo-aged skin and palmoplantar wounds caused by diabetes mellitus and rheumatic skin diseases.Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings (2009) 14, 73-75; doi:10.1038/jidsymp.2009.4.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.