ReviewRetrovirology2009
The utilization of humanized mouse models for the study of human retroviral infections.
Review in Retrovirology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stepwise Evolution of Immunodeficient Mouse Models: Focus on NCG Strains and Their Applications in Humanized Immune System Research.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Tumour-resident oncolytic bacteria trigger potent anticancer effects through selective intratumoural thrombosis and necrosis.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Non-invasive imaging with ICOS-targeting monoclonal antibody for preclinical diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in a humanized mouse model.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Preclinical research models for endometrial cancer: development and selection of animal models.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Mechanisms underlying HIV-associated cognitive impairment and emerging therapies for its management.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Review
- Methamphetamine and Cannabis: A Tale of Two Drugs and their Effects on HIV, Brain, and Behavior.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- The Preconditioning of Busulfan Promotes Efficiency of Human CD133+ Cells Engraftment in NOD Shi-SCID IL2Rγcnull (NOG) Mice via Intra-Bone Marrow Injection.Cell transplantation · 2019Article
- CCR5 editing by Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 in human primary CD4Retrovirology · 2019Article
- Humanized Mouse Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis for Studies on Immunopathogenesis and Preclinical Testing of Cell-Based Therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Transgenic mice expressing HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 in the brain as an animal model in neuroAIDS research.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Review
- Raltegravir blocks the infectivity of red-fluorescent-protein (mCherry)-labeled HIV-1Antiviral research · 2018Article
- Early phase dynamics of traceable mCherry fluorescent protein-carrying HIV-1 infection in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells-transplanted NOD/SCID/Jak3Antiviral research · 2017Article
- The Application of Humanized Mouse Models for the Study of Human Exclusive Viruses.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2017Article
- Article
- Improvements and Limitations of Humanized Mouse Models for HIV Research: NIH/NIAID "Meet the Experts" 2015 Workshop Summary.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2016Article
- Exosomes from HIV-1-infected Cells Stimulate Production of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines through Trans-activating Response (TAR) RNA.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- Therapeutic doses of irradiation activate viral transcription and induce apoptosis in HIV-1 infected cells.Virology · 2015Article
- Animal models for depression associated with HIV-1 infection.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2014Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The development of novel techniques and systems to study human infectious diseases in both an in vitro and in vivo settings is always in high demand. Ideally, small animal models are the most efficient method of studying human afflictions. This is especially evident in the study of the human retroviruses, HIV-1 and HTLV-1, in that current simian animal models, though robust, are often expensive and difficult to maintain. Over the past two decades, the construction of humanized animal models through the transplantation and engraftment of human tissues or progenitor cells into immunocompromised mouse strains has allowed for the development of a reconstituted human tissue scaffold in a small animal system. The utilization of small animal models for retroviral studies required expansion of the early CB-17 scid/scid mouse resulting in animals demonstrating improved engraftment efficiency and infectivity. The implantation of uneducated human immune cells and associated tissue provided the basis for the SCID-hu Thy/Liv and hu-PBL-SCID models. Engraftment efficiency of these tissues was further improved through the integration of the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mutation leading to the creation of NODSCID, NOD/Shi-scid IL2rgamma-/-, and NOD/SCID beta2-microglobulinnull animals. Further efforts at minimizing the response of the innate murine immune system produced the Rag2-/-gammac-/- model which marked an important advancement in the use of human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. Together, these animal models have revolutionized the investigation of retroviral infections in vivo.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.