ArticleHepatology international2008
Updates in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of ectopic varices.
Article in Hepatology international, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 90 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of acute variceal bleeding: updated APASL guidelines.Hepatology international · 2025Guideline
- Management of ectopic variceal bleeding with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a systematic review of case reports.Emergency radiology · 2024Pooled it
- Management of parastomal varices: who re-bleeds and who does not? A systematic review of the literature.Techniques in coloproctology · 2013Pooled it
- Fatal rebleeding of a residual duodenal varix caused by portal hemodynamic redistribution after selective embolization.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Narrative review of the current management of ectopic varices: an update.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Comprehensive review on the current management of upper-GI bleed.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Recurrent ileocolic variceal hemorrhage treated with superselective Onyx embolization: A case report.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Portal Hypertensive Enteropathy Presenting as Recurrent Large-Volume Urostomy Bleeding.ACG case reports journal · 2026Article
- Elucidating the etiology of idiopathic spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage.Journal of forensic sciences · 2025Article
- Bleeding Colostomy Varices in a Cirrhotic Patient: Successful Management With Glue-Assisted Antegrade and Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration (GAARTO).ACG case reports journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Successful management of bleeding ectopic small bowel varices secondary to portal hypertension: A retrospective study.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- BRTO for ectopic small intestinal varices bleeding via dilated superior mesenteric veins and left ovarian vein: A case report.Radiology case reports · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Double Balloon Enteroscopy in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Small Bowel Varices.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A rare solitary varix in the descending part of the duodenum secondary to superior mesenteric vein stenosis: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2025Article
- Parastomal Varices as an Atypical Source of Bleeding From a Urostomy in a Patient With Alcoholic Liver Disease.Cureus · 2024Article
- Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) for Treatment of Bleeding from Cardiofundal and Ectopic Varices in Cirrhosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErrata.2008
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ectopic varices (EcV) comprise large portosystemic venous collaterals located anywhere other than the gastro-oesophageal region. No large series or randomized-controlled trials address this subject, and therefore its management is based on available expertise and facilities, and may require a multidisciplinary team approach. EcV are common findings during endoscopy in portal hypertensive patients and their bleeding accounts for only 1-5% of all variceal bleeding. EcV develop secondary to portal hypertension (PHT), surgical procedures, anomalies in venous outflow, or abdominal vascular thrombosis and may be familial in origin. Bleeding EcV may present with anaemia, shock, haematemesis, melaena or haematochezia and should be considered in patients with PHT and gastrointestinal bleeding or anaemia of obscure origin. EcV may be discovered during panendoscopy, enteroscopy, endoscopic ultrasound, wireless capsule endoscopy, diagnostic angiography, multislice helical computed tomography, magnetic resonance angiography, colour Doppler-flow imaging, laparotomy, laparoscopy and occasionally during autopsy. Patients with suspected EcV bleeding need immediate assessment, resuscitation, haemodynamic stabilization and referral to specialist centres. Management of EcV involves medical, endoscopic, interventional radiological and surgical modalities depending on patients' condition, site of varices, available expertise and patients' subsequent management plan.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.