Trial reportJournal of cardiovascular translational research2009
Using basic science to design a clinical trial: baseline characteristics of women enrolled in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS).
Trial report in Journal of cardiovascular translational research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03236545 (Mechanisms of Vascular Dysfunction in Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Mechanisms of Vascular Dysfunction in Women: Role of Estradiol
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Resveratrol on Menopausal Cardio-metabolic Changes: A Systematic Review.Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets · 2026Pooled it
- Lessons from KEEPS: the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2021Trial
- Effects of oral versus transdermal menopausal hormone treatments on self-reported sleep domains and their association with vasomotor symptoms in recently menopausal women enrolled in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS).Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2018Trial
- Aortic hemodynamics in postmenopausal women following cessation of hormone therapy.Physiological reports · 2017Trial
- Specific cell-derived microvesicles: Linking endothelial function to carotid artery intima-media thickness in low cardiovascular risk menopausal women.Atherosclerosis · 2016Trial
- Pharmacogenomics of estrogens on changes in carotid artery intima-medial thickness and coronary arterial calcification: Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study.Physiological genomics · 2016Trial
- Longitudinal effects of menopausal hormone treatments on platelet characteristics and cell-derived microvesicles.Platelets · 2016Trial
- Effects of Hormone Therapy on Cognition and Mood in Recently Postmenopausal Women: Findings from the Randomized, Controlled KEEPS-Cognitive and Affective Study.PLoS medicine · 2015Trial
- Endothelial function in women of the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2015Trial
- Effects of different hormone therapies on breast pain in recently postmenopausal women: findings from the Mayo Clinic KEEPS breast pain ancillary study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2014Trial
- The KEEPS-Cognitive and Affective Study: baseline associations between vascular risk factors and cognition.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2014Trial
- Ectopic fat and adipokines in metabolically benign overweight/obese women: the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2013Trial
- Rationale and design of the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS) and the KEEPS Cognitive and Affective sub study (KEEPS Cog).Brain research · 2013Trial
- Self-reported menopausal symptoms, coronary artery calcification, and carotid intima-media thickness in recently menopausal women screened for the Kronos early estrogen prevention study (KEEPS).Fertility and sterility · 2013Trial
- Effects of estrogen with micronized progesterone on cortical and trabecular bone mass and microstructure in recently postmenopausal women.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2013Trial
- Alterations in platelet function and cell-derived microvesicles in recently menopausal women: relationship to metabolic syndrome and atherogenic risk.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2011Trial
- Differences in regional brain metabolism associated with specific formulations of hormone therapy in postmenopausal women at risk for AD.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2011Trial
- Skin wrinkles and rigidity in early postmenopausal women vary by race/ethnicity: baseline characteristics of the skin ancillary study of the KEEPS trial.Fertility and sterility · 2011Trial
- Menopause Hormone Therapy in Women With Cardiovascular Risk Factors or Established Ischemic Heart Disease: A Joint FIGO and WHF Position Paper.Global heart · 2026Review
- The multisystem impact of perimenopausal hormonal fluctuations on chronic disease risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Observational and epidemiological studies suggest that menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, results from prospective trials showed neutral or adverse effects most likely due to differences in participant demographics, such as age, timing of initiation of treatment, and preexisting cardiovascular disease, which reflected in part the lack of basic science information on mechanisms of action of hormones on the vasculature at the time clinical trials were designed. The Kronos Early Estrogen Replacement Study (KEEPS) is a prospective, randomized, controlled trial designed, using findings from basic science studies, to test the hypothesis that MHT when initiated early in menopause reduces progression of atherosclerosis. KEEPS participants are younger, healthier, and within 3 years of menopause thus matching more closely demographics of women in prior observational and epidemiological studies than women in the Women's Health Initiative hormone trials. KEEPS will provide information relevant to the critical timing hypothesis for MHT use in reducing risk for CVD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.