ReviewNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews2010
A critical review of human endotoxin administration as an experimental paradigm of depression.
Review in Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02972554 (Beta-Blockers and Inflammatory Responses to Acute Psychosocial Stress), which is not on this map. Cited by 82 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Beta-Blockers and Inflammatory Responses to Acute Psychosocial Stress
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of Anti-Inflammatory Treatment on Depressive Symptom Severity and Anhedonia in Depressed Individuals With Elevated Inflammation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.The American journal of psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of antidepressant medication treatment on serum levels of inflammatory cytokines: a meta-analysis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2011Pooled it
- Moderators for depressed mood and systemic and transcriptional inflammatory responses: a randomized controlled trial of endotoxin.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- Selective increase of cerebrospinal fluid IL-6 during experimental systemic inflammation in humans: association with depressive symptoms.Molecular psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Preexisting mild sleep disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depressed mood: a human experimental study.Translational psychiatry · 2016Trial
- Cytokines plasma levels during antidepressant treatment with sertraline and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): results from a factorial, randomized, controlled trial.Psychopharmacology · 2014Trial
- Neural response to emotional stimuli during experimental human endotoxemia.Human brain mapping · 2013Trial
- Glucose metabolism in the insula and cingulate is affected by systemic inflammation in humans.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2012Trial
- Maintenance of a positive outlook during acute stress protects against pro-inflammatory reactivity and future depressive symptoms.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2012Trial
- Citalopram reduces endotoxin-induced fatigue.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2011Trial
- Trial
- Higher Lipopolysaccharide Levels Are Linked to Less Anhedonia and Lower Severity of Major Depressive Disorder.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Microglial reactivity and neuroinflammation-driven changes in motivational behaviors are regulated by Orai1 calcium channels.Science signaling · 2026Article
- Inflammatory models of depression in rodents and humans.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Priority of nutrition and exercise in depression management: triangulating mini-review of past and recent evidence with clinical practice guidelines.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Review
- Leaky Gut Biomarkers as Predictors of Depression and Suicidal Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The researcher's guide to selecting biomarkers in mental health studies.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Endometriosis, Pain, and Related Psychological Disorders: Unveiling the Interplay among the Microbiome, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress as a Common Thread.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: key implications of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Inflammation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Dysregulation or Recalibration?Current neuropharmacology · 2024Article
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The syndrome called depression may represent the common final pathway at which different aetiopathogenic processes converge. One such aetiopathogenic process is innate immune system activation. Some depressed patients have increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and other immunologic abnormalities. It is not known whether immune system activation contributes to the pathogenesis of depressive symptoms. Supporting this possibility is the observation that in both rodents and humans, exogenous immune stimuli such as endotoxin can produce symptoms that resemble depression. A new approach to depression research would be to use immune stimuli to elicit depressive symptoms in humans. Here we review each of the symptoms elicited in humans by endotoxin administration, and compare this model to two other immune depression paradigms: interferon-alpha treatment and typhoid vaccine administration, to assess to what degree endotoxin administration represents a valid model of immune depression. We also review corresponding behavioral changes in rodents and the potential molecular pathways through which immune system activation produces each symptom.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.