ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2009
Impact of select immunologic and virologic biomarkers on CD4 cell count decrease in patients with chronic HIV-1 subtype C infection: results from Sinikithemba Cohort, Durban, South Africa.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) genetic variants influence expression levels and disease outcome in HIV-1 chronically infected patients.Retrovirology · 2022Article
- Viral control in chronic HIV-1 subtype C infection is associated with enrichment of p24 IgG1 with Fc effector activity.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- HIV Controllers Exhibit Enhanced Frequencies of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II TetramerJournal of virology · 2017Article
- Prevalence and Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Coinfection among HIV-Positive Women in South Africa and Botswana.PloS one · 2015Article
- Immune activation and collateral damage in AIDS pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Review
- HLA-B*57 versus HLA-B*81 in HIV-1 infection: slow and steady wins the race?Journal of virology · 2013Article
- The effect of HLA polymorphisms on the recognition of Gag epitopes in HIV-1 CRF01_AE infection.PloS one · 2012Article
- Association of polymorphisms in the LEDGF/p75 gene (PSIP1) with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and disease progression.AIDS (London, England) · 2011Article
- Influence of Gag-protease-mediated replication capacity on disease progression in individuals recently infected with HIV-1 subtype C.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- Retention in HIV care for individuals not yet eligible for antiretroviral therapy: rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2011Article
- Disparate associations of HLA class I markers with HIV-1 acquisition and control of viremia in an African population.PloS one · 2011Article
- Article
- Gag-protease-mediated replication capacity in HIV-1 subtype C chronic infection: associations with HLA type and clinical parameters.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Human leukocyte antigens and HIV type 1 viral load in early and chronic infection: predominance of evolving relationships.PloS one · 2010Article
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24 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe extent to which immunologic and clinical biomarkers influence human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection outcomes remains incompletely characterized, particularly for non-B subtypes. On the basis of data supporting in vitro HIV-1 protein-specific CD8 T lymphocyte responses as correlates of immune control in cross-sectional studies, we assessed the relationship of these responses, along with established HIV-1 biomarkers, with rates of CD4 cell count decrease in individuals infected with HIV-1 subtype C.
methodsBivariate and multivariate mixed-effects models were used to assess the relationship of baseline CD4 cell count, plasma viral load, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles, and HIV-1 protein-specific CD8 T cell responses with the rate of CD4 cell count decrease in a longitudinal population-based cohort of 300 therapy-naive, chronically infected adults with baseline CD4 cell counts >200 cells/mm(3) and plasma viral loads >500 copies/mL over a median of 25 months of follow-up.
resultsIn bivariate analyses, baseline CD4 cell count, plasma viral load, and possession of a protective HLA allele correlated significantly with the rate of CD4 cell count decrease. No relationship was observed between HIV-1 protein-specific CD8 T cell responses and CD4 cell count decrease. Results from multivariate models incorporating baseline CD4 cell counts (201-350 vs >350 cells/mm(3)), plasma viral load (< or =100,000 vs >100,000 copies/mL), and HLA (protective vs not protective) yielded the ability to discriminate CD4 cell count decreases over a 10-fold range. The fastest decrease was observed among individuals with CD4 cell counts >350 cells/mm(3) and plasma viral loads >100,000 copies/mL with no protective HLA alleles (-59 cells/mm(3) per year), whereas the slowest decrease was observed among individuals with CD4 cell counts 201-350 cells/mm(3), plasma viral loads < or =100,000 copies/mL, and a protective HLA allele (-6 cells/mm(3) per year).
conclusionsThe combination of plasma viral load and HLA class I type, but not in vitro HIV-1 protein-specific CD8 T cell responses, differentiates rates of CD4 cell count decrease in patients with chronic subtype-C infection better than either marker alone.
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